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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the goal of the body's immune response?
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To combat the effects of foreign substances on vital bodily processes.
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What are some disorders which may result from the malfunctioning of the immune system?
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allergies, immunodeficiency, neoplasia, or autoimmune diseases
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What are the two immune systems at work in vertebrate species?
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innate immune system and adaptive immune system
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How do animals become actively resistant to a disease vs. passively resistant?
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Active - animal gets disease on its own and develops its own antibodies - animal is vaccinated and develops own antibodies Passive - animal receives maternal antibodies in colostrum, or receives performed antibodies by injection |
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List some immune responses that have adverse effects on the host animal.
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hypersensitivity reactions - allergies, anaphylactic shock; autoimmune hemolytic anemia; glomerulonephritis contact hypersensitivity reactions - i.e.: reactions to contact with poison ivy |
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Define lymphoma
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lymphoma - a type of tumor characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of lymphocytes
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Define serology.
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serology - the science of detection and measurement of antibodies or antigens
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List some of the diseases that the ELISA kits available can detect.
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heart worms, feline leukemia virus, feline immunodeficiency virus, canine parvo virus, Escherichia coli, progesterone
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How long must serum set at room temperature to clot before centrifuging, and how long must the sample be centrifuged?
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allow serum to clot for 20-30 minutes at room temperature, and then centrifuge for 10 minutes
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Name the four classes of immunoglobulins that have been identified in normal canine and feline serum.
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K9 - IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE Fel - IgG, IgA, IgM |
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Define AIHA.
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AIHA - a disease in which the body attempts to destroy its own RBCs
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In what breeds of dog is the incidence of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia highest, and what breeds have "increased incidences" of this disease?
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Old English sheep dogs, poodles, miniature schnauzers, Akitas, beagles, rottweilers; American cocker spaniel, long-haired dachshunds, German shepherds, Irish setters, Shetland sheep dogs, Scottish terriers, vizslas
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What does the development of clinical signs in AIHA depend on?
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Whether the onset of AIHA is acute or gradual, and whether thrombocytopenia is also involved
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What would be the RBC morphology in AIHA?
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macrocytic, hypochromic (or normochromic) anemia; reticulocytosis; spherocytosis; anisocytosis; polychromasia; leukocytosis with neutrophilia
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What does the Coombs' Test detect the presence of, and what disease does it confirm diagnosis?
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presence of auto antibody on surface of RBCs or in serum; AIHA
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List four reasons an animal might have antibodies to a particular organism.
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a. Passive transfer of maternal antibodies to the neonate b. Active immune response to a vaccine c. Antibody response caused by exposure to an organism without clinical disease occurring d. Convalescent antibody response following clinical disease or persistent infection |
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What are the most frequent mistakes made when performing serological tests?
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a. Using dirty or contaminated equipmentb. Failing to follow instructions implicitly (i.e.: incubation times)c. Unfamiliarity with reading results
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Which are included in the components of the immune system? A. B-lymphocytes B. T-lymphocytes C. Macrophages D. all of the above |
D. all of the above
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T/F--The ELISA test for FeLV tests for exposure to the disease.
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true
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T/F---Lymphocyte counts are a very crude estimate in evaluating a cell mediated response of the immune system.
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true
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T/F--There is not presently a good test for FIP.
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true
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Immunodefieciencies that generally manifest themselves in young animals suggest to be A. infectious in nature. B. congenital in nature. |
B. congenital in nature.
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T/F--Renal failure may depress red blood cell formation.
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true
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T/F---Hemolytic anemia is the type of anemia that shows the most regenerative response.
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true
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T/F---The presence of spherocytes or the agglutination of the RBC's in the smear suggests IMHA or AIHA.
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true
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T/F---The Monocyte is the body's first line of defense in infection.
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false
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T/F---Lymphocytes are the primary cellular components of the antibody producing system.
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true
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