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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Front (Term) dominant allele |
an allele that will determine phenotype is just one is present in the genotype |
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allele |
One of a pair of genes that occupies the same position on homologous chromosomes |
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genotype |
Two letters set that represents the alleles an organism possesses for a certain trait |
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phenotype |
The observable expression of an organisms genes |
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homozygous genotype |
a genotype in which both alleles are identical |
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heterozygous genotype |
a genotype with two different alleles |
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Front (Term) |
an allele that will determine phenotype is just one is present in the genotype |
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genetic disease carrier |
A person who is heterozygous in a recessive genetic disorder |
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sex linked inheritance |
Inheritance of a genetic trait located on the sex chromosomes |
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mutation |
A radical chemical change in one or more alleles |
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Change in chromosome structure |
a situation in which a chromosome loses or gains genes during meiosis |
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Change in chromosome number |
A situation in which abnormal cellular events in meiosis lead to either none of a particular chromosome in the gamete or more than one chromosome in the gamete |
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Recessive allele |
And allele that will not determine the phenotype unless the genotype is homozygous in that allele |
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mendels principles of genetics using the updated terminology |
1. The traits of an organism are determined by its genes 2. each organism has two alleles that make up the genotype for a given trait 3. in sexual reproduction each parent contributes only one of its alleles to the offspring 4. In each genotype there is a dominant allele. if it exists in an organism the phenotype is determined by that allele |
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pedigree |
A diagram that follows a particular phenotype through several generations |
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monohybrid cross |
A cross between two individuals concentrating on only one definable trait |
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dihybrid cross |
A cross between two individuals concentrating on two definable traits |
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autosomes |
chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual |
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sex chromosomes |
Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual |
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antigen |
A protein that when introduced in the blood triggers the production of antibody |
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autosomal inheritance |
Inheritance of a genetic trait not on the sex chromosome |
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true breeding |
if an organism has a certain characteristic that is always passed on to its offspring we say that this organism bred true with respect to that characteristic |