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47 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

The amount of nutrients required by an animal

Feeding standards

Is agreed to be the average amount reqiired for a particular function

Nutrient requirements

Is greater than the nutrient requirement by a safety margin

Nutrient allowance

Is a state where the animal's body composition remains constant and does not perform or give rise to any products such as milk

Maintenance

The minimum quantity promoting zero energy balance

Maintenance requirement

When the animal uses its body reserves for maintenance

Negative energy balance

When the animal uses its nitrogen reserves when fed dueing a nitrogen free diet

Negative nitrogen balance

Heat that leaves the body from the energy expended in the maintenancd

Basal metabolism

Heat produced from digestion of food

Heat increment

Major route by which water vapor is lost

Respiratory tract

The nitrogen in feces consisiting of enzymes and sloughed cells from digestive tract and from microbial residues

Metabolic faecal nitrogen

The typical byproduct of amino acid catabolism, which arises from body proteins

Urea

Represents the smallest lost of body nitrogen commensurate with the existence of animal

Endogenous urinary nitrogen

Can be used to estimate the nitrogen requirements for maintenance

Endogenous urinary nitrogen

Urine non ruminants is excreted in the form of?

Microbial residues

Protein requirements for maintenance in ruminants can generally be met by

Microbial protein synthesis

Urinary nitrogen excreted in excess of the endogenous component

Exogenous urinary nitrogen

The relationship between tissues weights and body weight can be described by so called?

Allometric equations

Liveweight minus gut and bladder contents

Empty body weight

The live weight that would be achieved by the animal when skeletal development is complete and the condition score is in the middle range

Standard reference weight

Three amino acids required in the pigs'diet

Lysine, methionine, threonine

Where certain amino acids are locsted and taken into account

Terminal ileum

Glycine in chicks is inceeased by?

Low on methionine, argenine or B vitamins

Phenylalanine can be derived from?

Tyrosine

Two interconvertible amino acids

Glycine and Serine

Limiting amino acid of horsed and pigs

Lysine

Limiting amino acid for chi ks

Methionine, lysine and arginine

Grow from follicles formed by invagination of the epidernmis

Wool fibers

Have stored energy from glycogen and glutamine which can be released by aerobic or anaerobic glycolysis

Follicles

Woll fibers contains

Keratin which has Cystine

Is produced by the sebaceous glands and consist mainly of esters

Wool wax

The secretion of sudoriferous glands with mixture of inorganic salts

Suint

Two amino acids for wool production

Cystine and Methionine

Deficiency in this mjneral causes crimp or waviness in wool and restrict the formation of melanin

Copper

Deficiencg causes brittle wool fibers

Zinc

The only vitamin that doesnt affect wool

Cyanocobalamin

Most common minerals to be deficient

Ca and P

This vitamin results in prolonging shelf life

Tocopherol

A and D is proportional to?

Liveweight

B and E is concerned with

Metabolism

Where is vitamin B synthesized

Alimentary tract

Is described as the pace maker of animal production

Energy

These are hormones that alter the partition between protein and fat deposition.

Repartitioning agents

Proteins that are not degraded in the rumen but digestible in the lower gut

Digestible undegradable protein

Less fat but more muscle within 28 weeks

High low

More fat but less muscle

Low high

The main factor that influence body composition and nutrient requirements

Animal weight