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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
As dedritic cells mature, they express more ________ on their surface
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MHC
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What are the two types of dendritic cells in the skin?
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epidermal (langerhahn's) cells, dermal (interstitial) cells
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Blood DC's are predominantly ____________ DC's and produce type __ interferons
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plasmacytoid; I
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DC's in the intestine are ________ DC's
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myeloid
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__________ DC's are the population that are permanent residents of the secondary lymphoid tissue
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follicular
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DC's generally present viruses on MHC Class ____ molecules and bacteria on Class ___ molecules
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I: II
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what are the three types of antigen presenting cells?
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macrophages, dendritic cells, b cells
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How do naive T cells enter lymph nodes?
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through blood or lymph
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B7 molecules on APC's are _________ molecules that bind to ________ on the T cell
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co-stimulatory; CD28
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Activated T cells secrete and respond to IL-____ which is required for T cell proliferation
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2
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What do superantigens do?
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bridge TCR and MHC in the absence of a specific peptide (toxic shock, food poisoning)
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Binding of B7 to CTLA-4 induces _________
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tolerance
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what happens when an APC binds to a naive T-cell with a specific signal but no B7?
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T-cell becomes anergic
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What happens when an APC binds the co-stimulatory signal (B7) but no specific antigen signal to a naive T-cell?
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no effect on the T cell
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TGF-beta from APC's drives naive CD4 T-cell differentiation into what subset?
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Treg cell or Th17
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IL-6 drives a naive CD4 T-cell towards what subset?
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Th17
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IL-12 drives a naive CD4 T-cell toward what subset?
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Th1
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IL-10 drives a naive CD4 T-cell toward what subset?
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Th2
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Th1 cells seek out and activate __________
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macrophages
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Th2 cells seek out and activate _____________
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B-cells
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Activated T-cells require a co-stimulatory signal and specific antigen signal to perform their effector function (true/false)
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false (only naive T cells require both to become active)
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antigen binding to b-cell receptor provides the first activation signal. what provides the second?
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T-helper cell delivers second signal via CD40 ligand and cytokines
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what are the two forms of T-independent antigens?
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TI-1 and TI-2
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What are the consequences of b cell activation in the absence of T cell help?
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no T helper cytokines -> no isotype switching (IgM antibodies only); no affinity maturation (low affinity antibodies); no memory response
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