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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name the two types of RAM
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A) SRAM - Static Random Access Memory
B) DRAM - Dynamic Random Access Memory |
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Which of the following RAM type needs constant refreshing, even if the power to the chip is not interrupted:
A) SRAM B) DRAM |
B) DRAM
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Name 3 types of DRAM
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A) EDRAM
B) SDRAM C) EDO DRAM |
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Define EDRAM
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combination of DRAM and SRAM - System performance improvement of 40%, often used in L2 Cache.
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Define SDRAM
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Uses clock signals and internal registers to synchronize the number of requests the processor can perform in a given time. It is the most popular type of RAM today
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Improved mode of FastPage Mode DRAM memory. Also known as Hyper Page Mode DRAM. This type RAM allows Multiple sequential memory access. What type of RAM is this?
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Extended Data Out (EDO) DRAM
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a form of SDR-SDRAM that transfers data on both the leading and falling edges of a clock cycle. This capability doubles the data transfer rate of memory.
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DDR-SDRAM
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a form of SDRAM that uses onboard cache registers to improve performance.
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EDDR-SDRAM
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form of SDRAM that uses small cache buffers to provide faster data access. This type of memory is used in L2 cache applications.
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ESDRAM
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This type of SDRAM transfers data on one edge of a clock cycle.
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SDR-DRAM
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What type of SDRAM is designed to handle graphics operations? It is single-ported and has dual-port operations that allow two memory pages to be opened simultaneously. Itis in sync with the system clock and is very fast.
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SGRAM
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Whtat type of SDRAM consists of onboard cache buffers that increase multiple access times?
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VCM-SDRAM
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What two types of DRAM are special types of DRAM are used for high-speed video applications?
They use a dual-port memory configuration, which means that they can receive and send data at the same time. One type provides faster performance than the other. What is it? |
VRAM and WRAM. WRAM is faster.
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What kind of SRAM transfers data from memory to the microprocessor? The data is returned to the cache in one clock cycle.
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Asynchronous SRAM
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What kind of SRAM loads many data locations, over many clock cycles, from the cache? It is faster and more expensive than pipeline SRAM.
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burst-mode SRAM
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What kind of SRAM first fetches data by using three clock cycles and then accesses the data addresses from the microprocessor? It uses fewer clock cycles than burst-mode SRAM. This kind of SRAM is less expensive than burst-mode SRAM, but not as fast.
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Pipeline SRAM
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What kind of SRAM is in sync with the system clock and can transfer data to the microprocessor in one clock cycle?
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Syncronous SRAM
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What kind of memory is memory that stores recently accessed data so that it can be accessed from memory more quickly than other data.
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Cache memory
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What type of cache is a microprocessor's internal cache? Describe where it was first seen.
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L1 Cache - Also known as the primary cache.
The original Intel Pentium had 16 KB of L1 cache. |
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What type of cache is a static memory cache stored on the motherboard of older Pentium processors? It is not part of the CPU. What chip did this cache come in the same package with the processor. What memory sizes does this type of cache come in?
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L2 Cache - also known as "External Cache".
Although it later came in the same package, it wasn't integrated into the processor like L1 |
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Where there is L2 cache in the microprocessor housing, and additional cache is on the motherboard, then the additional cache on the motherboard is known what type of Cache?
What types of microprocessors is this cache found on? |
L3 Cache.
This cache is found on Xeon and Itaniam chips and compatible motherboards. These are usually used as Servers. |
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Name the system for identifying single-bit errors in stored data.
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Data Error detection.
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Name the process involving rewriting data during reading and wrting cycles to DRAM Memory modules?
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"Refreshing" or memory refresh.
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What happens when a parity error occurs?
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An NMI (Non-Maskable Interrupt) is generated and freezes and give a short memory count or gives you the option to continue or shut down.
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Describe Parity Error checking. How does it work?
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Parity Error checking adds one bit – either 0 or 1 – to each word in memory, resulting in every word having either an even or an odd number of ones. A parity error occurs if a parity bit in a single memory bit changes.
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name the code that detects and corrects single-bit errors but can only detect multiple-bit errors.
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ECC - Error Correction Code.
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What memory form factor are a series of DRAM modules – or chips? These install upright on the motherboard.
Describe the number pins and size of data path |
DIMM - Dual Inline Memory Module
168 pins, 64 bit data path. These are the most commonly used form factor. |
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What kind of RAM form factor is connected in series? What kind of system do they use to transfer data?
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RIMM - Rambus Inline Memory Modules
They use a loop system to transfer data and they are unidirectional. |
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What size memory chunks do RIMM modules transfer data in?
What is part of the system is the data synchronized with? |
16 bit chunks.
RIMM synchronizes with the Processors memory Bus speed, not the Motherboards clock. Usually in combination with a 400 MHz clock cycle. |
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What type of memory module form factor installs at a slight angle into sockets on the motherboard
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SIMM - Single Inline Memory Module
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How are SIMM's unlike DIMM's?
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SIMM's only have one signal bit.
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Describe the two Form factors for SIMM's. Include number of pins and how many bits/ parity bits.
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30 Pin - 8 bit with 1 bit available for parity
72 Pin - 32 bits with an optional 4bits for parity. |
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How many pins on a MicroDIMM?
what size is its data path? |
144 pins.
64 bit data path. |
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Where are MicroDimms usually found?
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sub-notebook computers
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What 3 sizes can SO-DIMM chips be found?
Which 2 are most commonly found? |
SODIMM (Small Outline DIMM)
72 pin, 144 pin, 200 pin 72 and 144 are the two most common sizes. |
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Name the data path sizes of the SODIMM 72 pin and 144 pin modules.
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72 pin - 32bit data size
144 pin - 64 bit data size. |
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When working with a 32 bit Microprocessor, how many 30 pin 8 bit SIMM's would you need in a bank?
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4
(4 x 8 bits = 32 bit data bus.) |
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How wide of a datapath is a 72 pin SIMM
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32 bits wide.
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Describes 4 distinguashing characteristics of a 72 pin SIMM form factor.
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A) it's shorter than the 168 pin DIMM's
B) it has one notch in the center of the PCB C)pins on the opposite side of circuit board. D) 32 bit wide data path |
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Name the 5 distinguishing characteristics of a 168 pin DIMM.
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A) Inch shorter then 72 pin SIMM
B) 2 notches on the bottom of the PCB C) Installs vertically D) pins on opposite sides of circuit board are not electrically connected so they form 2 separate electrical contacts. E) 64 bit wide data path |
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How many SIMM's must be installed in one group or bank?
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4
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How many DIMM's must be installed in one group or bank?
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2
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True or False: DIMMs or SIMMs in the same bank can vary in type and size.
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False
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Name the sizes that single sided DIMM's come in:
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8, 16, 32, 64, 128 MB
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Name the sizes that double sided DIMM's come in:
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32 MB, 64 MB, 128 MB, 256 MB, 512 MB, 1GB, 2GB
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RIMM slots cannot be empty. What must you use to fill them?
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C-RIMM - Continuity RIMM's. These do not have any chips on them.
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Describe what the "density" of a RIMM means.
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The amount of data that each RIMM chip can hold.
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What are the available densities for non-ECC RIMM chips?
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128MB and 256MB
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What are the available densities for ECC RIMM chips?
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144 MB and 288 MB
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How do you Calculate the RIMM size?
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Multiply the amount of memory that each chip holds by the number of chips on the RIMM
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A 256 MB RIMM has 4 chips, each holding 32 MB or RAM. What is its RIMM size?
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4 x 32 = 128MB
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