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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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"The world would be better off if I was dead."
This is an example of what type of statement? |
Covert statement
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If a person has formed a suicide plan, what does this indicate?
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The person is more likely to actually kill himself/herself
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If a patient's lethality is found to be low, how often should the nurse check on him or her?
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Every 10 minutes
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If a patient's lethality is high, what kind of supervision is required?
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One on one supervision: someone must stay with the patient at all times
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List the DSM-IV-TR criteria for substance abuse patients:
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1. Recurrent use of substance resulting in failure to fulfill major roles (work, school, home, etc.)
2. Use in situations that are physically hazardous (driving, etc.) 3. Substance-related legal problems 4. Continued use despite social or interpersonal problems caused by the effects of the substance |
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What are the 4 phases of alcohol abuse?
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1. Pre-alcoholic
2. Early alcoholic 3. Crucial phase 4. Chronic phase |
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Describe the pre-alcoholic phase of alcohol abuse:
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Alcohol is consumed to relieve every-day stress
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Describe the early alcoholic phase of alcohol abuse:
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Alcohol becomes a requirement for day-to-day functioning (alcoholics usually begin to experience blackouts in this phase)
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Describe the crucial phase of alcohol abuse:
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Complete physical dependence
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Describe the chronic phase of alcohol abuse:
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Emotional and physical degeneration; person is intoxicated most of the time
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What is alcoholic myopathy?
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Weakening of the muscles due to alcohol abuse
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What is Wernicke's Encephalopathy?
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A dangerously low level of vitamin B1 (thiamin)
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What is the most serious effect of alcohol abuse?
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Wernicke's Encephalopathy
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What symptoms would indicate Karsakoff's Psychosis?
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Confusion and loss of recent memory
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What are the chief concerns for a patient who is experiencing withdrawal from alcohol?
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* Safety
* Monitor vital signs |
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What types of medications are given to alcoholic patients during withdrawal/detoxification?
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* Benzodiazepines
* Ativan * Librium * Valium |
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List the 4 groups of antidepressant agents:
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1. Tricyclic/cyclic antidepressants
2. Selective Seratonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI's) 3. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI's) 4. Others |
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How do SSRI's work?
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Block the re-uptake of seratonin
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How do cyclic antidepressants work?
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Block the re-uptake of norepinephrine (and seratonin to some degree)
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How do MAOI's work?
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Interfere with enzyme metabolism
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What are the common side effects of SSRI's?
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* Anxiety
* Agitation * Akathisia * Nausea * Insomnia * Sexual dysfunction * Weight gain |
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What is Akathisia?
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Restlessness
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List some SSRI's:
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Prozac
Luvox Paxil Zoloft Celexa Lexapro |
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What are the common side effects of MAOI's?
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* Daytime sedation
* Insomnia * Weight gain * Dry mouth * Ortho. hypertension * Sexual dysfunction * Hypertensive crisis |
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What causes hypertensive crisis?
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Occurs when tryamine-containing foods are consumed with MAOI's or other contra-indicated substances
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List some common tryamine-containing foods:
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* aged cheeses
* aged meats * Italian beers & microbrewery beers * saurkraut, soy products, or marmite (concentrated yeast) |
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List some MAOI's:
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Nardil
Parnate Marplan |
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What are the common side effects of cyclic antidepressants?
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* Dry mouth
* Constipation * Urinary hesitancy/retention * Dry nasal passages * Blurred vision * Agitation * Delirium * Intestinal obstruction (ileus) |
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List some cyclic antidepressants:
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Tofranil
Norpramin Elavil Pamelor Sinequan Surmontil Vivactil Ludiomil Remeron Ascendin Anafranil |
