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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what does the term mestizo mean? |
a mix of indigenous and european ancestry |
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why did the spanish first visit mexico? |
to find a faster route to asia |
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list two ways that spanish colonization changed mexico |
1. european customs blended creating new styles, dances and religions. slaves were brought too. 2. new interracial couples |
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PENINSULARES |
whites born in spain |
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CRIOLLOS |
whites born in the colony |
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why did the colonial government discourage economic development in New Spain? |
they only wantd to trade profitable goods like silver, gold, cacao |
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list three ways the catholic church influenced life in new spain |
1. spread christianity 2. help preserve old spanish elements 3. only education in colony |
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who was miguel hidalgo? what did he do? |
a criolo parish priest, organized his largely mestizo and indigenous congregation in the first armed uprising against spanish rule. |
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what were the results of the treaty of guadalupe-hidalgo |
USA paid 15 million to mexico for half its territory in the United States |
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three reforms the liberals of a "La Reforma" pass |
1. wanted churches to sell the land they had 2. declare separation of church and state 3. forced indigenous communities to sell their ejidos |
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why were both rural communities and elites opposed to "La Reforma" |
1. rural: they wanted indigenous people to become small farmers and to be defined, reject traditions. 2. elites: they would lose their power and influence
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why did benito juarez encourage foreign investments? |
to improve infrastructure. railroads and building |
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Diaz's rule in Mexico, known as the _______, was structured on his belief that _______ and ______ would only be achieved through ______ and _____ |
pan apalo stability economic growth order and progress |
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describe the changes to landholding that happened under the porfiriato |
rich people took over peasants land. he also liked foriegn investors |
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what did the zapatas fight for? |
land reforms |
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what did the pancho villa fight for? |
rights for rural peasants |
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what did the constitutionalists fight for? |
wanted to reinstate the republican rule |
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what was the main difference between the 1917 constitution and previous ones ? |
the 1917 consitution wanted to become a activist government in mexican peoples lives |
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why was it difficult to implement the reforms of the revolution? |
they weren't able to deliver all the promises right away |
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how did the governement attempt to unify the people after the revolution? |
the government built thousands of new schools, particularly in rural lands for the rich AND the poor, the schools were also coed |
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how did the economic changes from import subsitution industrialization (ISI) help mexico? |
factories were created to promote and protect businesses in mexico |
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from 1940 to 1980, mexicos _____ grew at an average rate of over ______ percent. mexicos _____ also grew from twenty to _____ million people during that same time |
economy 6% population 70 |
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how did the decline in the economy in the 1960's affect the mexican middle class? |
the government mainly focused on the lower and the high class. |
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how did the crash in oil prices and worldwide depression in 1982 affect the mexican economy? |
oil was #1 export for mexico, plus we were already 80 billion in foreign debt |
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three consequences of the 1982 crash of the mexican economy |
1. foreign debt of $80 billion 2. oil. mineral, agricultureal exports were being sold at reduced prices 3. could not continue social welfare programs, unemployment increased. |
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what is the purpose of the international monetary fund (IMF) |
it's an international organization created to help provide global economic stability |
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list three things that undermined the strength of the PRI |
1. lack of support after earthquake 2. rigging the election 3. losing control of government and businesses
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what does nafta stand for
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north american free trade agreement |
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what was the goal of nafta |
to create low barriers to trade along north american countries |
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list two positive effects of nafta for mexico |
1. made mexico a hot spot for investors 2. US factors opened businesses in mexico |
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list two negative effects of nafta for mexico |
1. factories were owned by european and japanese countries 2. the wage for the workers decreased |
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how does the issue of undocumental immigration affect U.S.- mexican relations? |
mexican leaders need to defend the rights of their citizens but also control the flow of illegal aliens |
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why is the issue of land reform and poverty important in mexico today? |
this issues are as old as mexico itself. roughly 1/4 mexicans live in poverty |
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four factors contributing to the revolt in chiapas |
1. breakup of the ejido system 2. discrimination against indigenous people 3. NAFTA 4. over population |