Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The dependent variable is assumed to be the
|
effect
|
|
According to differential association theory, criminal behavior is
|
learned
|
|
Suppose the police arrive at the scene of a car accident. The car is too damaged to drive and the police believe that the driver is intoxicated. They see no liquor in the passenger compartment. Under which of the following exceptions might police be able to make a warrantless search of the trunk?
|
search incident to an arrest
|
|
An Ex Post Facto Law
|
is unconstitutional and applies to the states through the 14th amendment.
|
|
The Court's acceptance of DNA testing was based on the ________ standard whereby a new technology must be sufficiently established to have gained general acceptance in the field of application.
|
Frye
|
|
Police must observe the requirements imposed by the Miranda rule only when
|
Look this one up in the book
|
|
Insanity is a legal defense in criminal cases. Once the issue of insanity has been raised by the defense, the burdon of proving the defendant's sanity shifts to
|
the defense
|
|
Where there is no probable cause for an arrest, but the officer reasonably believes in light of his experience and training that criminal activity may be in progress, a person may be stopped in accordance with Terry v. Ohio if
|
the sole justification for the search would be the protection of the officer and others nearby
|
|
Probably the most important factor to consider when making the decision to parole or release an offender from an institution is the offender's
|
age
|
|
The conditional release, by an administrative act, of a convicted offender from a penal institution is usually referred to as
|
parole
|
|
A sentence of imprisonment in which the duration is not fixed by the court is the
|
indeterminate sentence
|
|
An independent variable is assumed to be the
|
cause
|
|
What is it called when a victim receives money from the state to pay for damages associated with a crime?
|
victims compensation
|
|
What are the two basic components of correctional treatment?
|
community-based corrections and secure confinement
|
|
Which is considered to be the most severe form of punishment on the punishment ladder
|
boot camps
|
|
Which of the following is NOT a Routine Investigative Action performed by an investigator as stated in the "Criminal Investigation Process"?
|
checking blood for a DNA match
|
|
0 out of 2 points
Prior to the Supreme Court's ruling in Gideon v. Wainwright, indigent persons enjoyed all of the following rights to counsel except |
the right to have counsel appointed to represent them at trial if they were unable to rep
|
|
Protection against double jeopardy is provided in the
|
5th and 6th amendments.
|
|
No level of suspicion is required to
|
approach a person on a public street and ask for identification.
|
|
Theories which view criminal behavior as a result of forces operating in deteriorated and depressed lower class areas are known as what?
|
social structure theories
|
|
When the circumstances permit, the preferred method ofmaking a search is
|
with a search warrant
|
|
Whose writings serve the basis for all conflict theory?
|
Marx
|
|
Which theory stems from Cesare Lombroso's famous work?
|
biological trait theory
|
|
Nolle prosequi:
|
is the same as an acquittal
|
|
Social disorganization theory links crime rates to what?
|
neighborhood ecological characteristics
|
|
Which of the following cases established the concept of "the fruit of the poisonous tree
|
Wong Sun v. United States
|
|
The use of forfeiture in American law has been reintroduced with the passage of what law
|
the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization act
|
|
Awarding prisoners days off of their sentences for maintaining appropriate behavior is a practice referred to as
|
good time/gain time
|
|
Social process theorists focus their attention on what factors?
|
the socialization of the youth and their developmental factors
|
|
The opportunity reduction approach to crime prevention strategies includes one of the oldest and most widely used tactics ____________________. From castle moats to deadbolt locks, these measures are designed to remove access to or to increase the physical security of certain property.
|
target hardening
|
|
At which of the following stages does the correctional process formally begin
|
conviction
|
|
Social conflict theory considers true crimes to be
|
racism
|
|
Strain theory has its roots in the concept of
|
anomie
|
|
State one example of a Part II offense.
|
kidnapping, embezzlement, etc. etc. (Instructor will hand score)
|
|
The Bill of Rights contains _____ amendments that refer to procedural safeguards.
|
4
|
|
Give one example of a white collar crime.
|
tax evasion, fraud, computer crimes, etc.
|
|
Speedy trial falls under what amendment
|
6th
|
|
An integrated model of crime involves the ideas that
|
Look up
|
|
What do the initials NIBRS stand for
|
National Incident Based Reporting System
|
|
What is the standard of proof for civil law
|
preponderence of evidence
|
|
Due process falls under what two amendments
|
5th/14th
|
|
Alcohol intoxication can be used as a defense when
|
Its Involuntary
|
|
State one example of a Part I crime.
|
murder, rape, aggravated battery, arson, motor vehicle theft, robbery, larceny, burglary
|
|
The Chicago School showed a correlation between crime and
|
Look up
|
|
Public order crime is often technically referred to as
|
victimless crimes
|
|
Social process theories include
|
Look up
|
|
The Department of Homeland Security includes the
|
Look up
|
|
In the Reform Era of policing, police
|
Look up
|
|
The Broken Windows theory
|
is based on order maintenance
|
|
Kreb's Cycle
|
step after glycolysis
occurs in the mitochondria produces 2 ATP |
|
General patrol is
|
both random and preventive
|
|
The case of Katz v. U.S. established the standard for
|
reasonable expectation of privacy
|
|
What law enforcement agency typically maintains the county jail
|
county sheriff
|
|
Police cynicism
|
considers citizens to be weak and dangerous
|
|
Some steps in DNA profiling are
|
Look up
|
|
Municipal law enforcers usually police what areas of a state
|
cities
|
|
Searches incidental to an arrest are valid when
|
police need to find a weapon a suspect may be carrying and there is a need to protect evidence on the suspect from being destroyed
|
|
In the Community Era of policing, the police
|
Look up
|
|
What amendment does search and seizure fall under?
|
4th
|
|
What level of evidence is needed for an arrest warrant
|
probable cause
|