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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What transport system involves extracellular binding proteins?
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ABC Transport System
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Multidrug Efflux Pumps--which Transport System are these part of?
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ABC Transport System
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What are the carbon, energy, and electron sources for a chemolithotroph?
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Carbon: CO2
Electrons: Inorganic molecules Energy: Chemical (inorganic molecules) |
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What are the carbon, energy, and electron sources for a chemoorganotroph?
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Carbon: Organic molecules
Electrons: Organic molecules Energy: Chemical (organic molecules) |
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What are the carbon, energy, and electron sources for a photolithotroph?
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Carbon: CO2
Electrons: Inorganic molecules Energy: light |
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What are the carbon, energy, and electron sources for a photoorganotroph?
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Carbon: CO2
Electrons: Organic molecules Energy: light energy |
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What is the function of teichoic acids?
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They are amphipathic molecules that traverse the gram positive cell wall
They are negatively charged on the outside and may attract + ions for later uptake by the cell They may control autolysin activity and lend stability to the cell wall through linkages to NAM. |
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What is the difference between the two layers of the gram-negative outer cell wall membrane?
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Outermost layer = LPS, Lipid A/O-Polysaccharide, has porins, etc.
Inner layer = regular phospholipids. |
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Where are porins located?
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On the outer cell membrane of gram-negative bacteria.
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What is the function and location of Braun Lipoproteins?
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They are on the inner surface of the outer cell membrane and anchor it to the pglycan wall.
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When will E.Coli switch to fermentative metabolism?
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Grow anaerobically on glucose and ammonia/ammonium medium.
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Which bacterial cell walls lack peptidoglycan?
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Planctomyces and Chlamydia
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What are the sizes of the bacterial ribosome and its subunits in Svedbergs?
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Ribosome: 70S
Subunits: 50S + 30S |
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What is the size of the archaeal ribosome?
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70S (but chemistry differs from bacterial ribosome)
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When will E. Coli use anaerobic respiration?
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Grow aerobically in a medium of glucose and nitrate (NO3-) as a terminal electron acceptor.
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When will E. Coli carry out aerobic respiration?
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Grow aerobically on a medium of glucose and ammonia/ammonium.
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What is hydrogenase used for in hydrogen bacteria?
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Overall rxn: H2 --> 2e- + 2H+
Membrane Hydrogenase: establish electrochemical gradient for oxidative phosphorylation Cytoplasmic Hydrogenase: reduce NAD+ --> NADPH + H+. |
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Why does glycolysis yield 3 ATP in prokaryotes but only 2 net ATP in eukaryotes?
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Glucose is already phosphorylated to G-6-P when it reaches the cytoplasm due to prokaryotic use of Phosphotransferase System.
Eukaryotes must invest additional ATP to phosphorylate glucose. |
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Which photosynthetic bacteria use cyclic photophosphorylation ONLY?
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purple and green photosynthetic bacteria, phototrophic heliobacteria
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Which photosynthetic bacteria require the use of reverse electron flow to generate reducing power (NADH)?
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Purple photosynthetic bacteria
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Which photosynthetic bacteria contain bacteriochlorophyll?
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Anaerobic photosynthetics: purples/greens
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What does Photosystem I make?
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NADH/reducing power
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What does Photosystem II make?
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ATP
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What is the reaction center of Photosystem II?
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P680
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What is the reaction center of Photosystem I?
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P700
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What is the reaction center used in anoxygenic photosynthesis?
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P870
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What protein do anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria use to generate reducing power?
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Ferredoxin
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What does Ferredoxin do in an overabundance of NADH?
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Reroutes electrons through cytochrome Bf in PII to generate PMF rather than NADH.
This is cyclic phosphorylation in two-photosystem organisms. |
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Which AI signal has a boron atom in it?
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AI2
not AI1 both made from DPD with LuxS |