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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
usual rate of Aflutter
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250-350
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treatment of Aflutter
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same as afib
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usual site of flutter ablation
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isthmus between IVC and TV
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the most frequent paroxysmal SVTs
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AVNRT, AV reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT), atrial tachycardia
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short RP tachycardias
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AVNRT, AVRT, junctional tachycardia
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long RP tachycardias
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atrial tachycardia, sinus tachycardia, atypical AVNRT, and permanent form of junctional reciprocating tachycardia
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how does adenosine work in SVT?
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Blocks AV node conduction transiently,interrupts reentrant circuit, terminates AVNRT, AVRT. slows rate to demonstrate P waves in other SVTs (Afib, ST, atrial tach)
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most common paroxysmal SVT
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AVNRT
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treatment of AVNRT (7)
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vagal maneuvers, adenosine, β-blockers, nondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, antiarrhythmic agents, or cardioversion; cath ablation also has high success rate
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a reentrant circuit that includes a bypass pathway and the AV node
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Atrioventricular Reciprocating Tachycardia
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WPW pattern vs syndrome
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preexcitation pattern on ECG = "WPW pattern"; pattern + symptoms (tachycardia) = "WPW syndrome"
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Risk factors for VF in patients with WPW syndrome (4)
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a history of AVRT, a rapidly conducting bypass pathway, multiple bypass pathways, Ebstein anomaly.
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first line therapy for patients with AVRT with symptoms and preexication, with history of rapid Afib
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catheter ablation
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preferred agents in AVRT
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procainamide and amiodarone (slows conduction down bypass pathway acutely) and not AV nodal blocking medications
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treatment of AVRT without preexcitation on EKG
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catheter ablation, β-blockers or antiarrhythmic agents
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treatment of PACs
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if symptomatic, B blockers or calcium blockers; usually needs only reassurance
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caused by an ectopic focus or area of micro-reentry that fires faster than the sinus rate
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atrial tachycardia
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treatment of atrial tach
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β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, digoxin, or antiarrhythmic agents; cath ablation also an option
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an irregular tachycardia that demonstrates three or more P waves of different morphologies and is usually associated with underlying pulmonary disease
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multifocal atrial tach
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treatment of MAT
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treat pulmonary disease, electrolyte repletion, and, occasionally, β-blockers or calcium channel blockers
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treatment of symptomatic PVCs
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B blocker or calcium blocker; antiarrhythmic agents rarely required; cath ablation if medical therapy failed
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define sustained VT
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lasts >30 secs or produces hemodynamic collapse
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*treatment of idiopathic VT
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mild - no treatment; frequent or severe Sx - calcium blockers or beta blockers, class I or III antiarrhythmic, cath ablation; ICD is not indicated
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the most common channelopathy
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Long QT syndrome
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mainstay of therapy in long QT syndrome
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b blockers
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drugs to avoid in long QT syndrome
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haldol, sotalol, erythromycin
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treatment for short QT syndrome
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quinidine to prolong QT interval; offer ICD
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what is Brugada syndrome
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a pattern of 2 mm or greater J-point elevation, coved ST-segment elevation, and T-wave inversions in leads V1 to V3 with an increased risk of syncope, VF, and sudden cardiac arrest
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VT during times of high adrenergic tone, carrying a high risk of SCD
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catecholaminergic polymorphic VT
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treatment of catecholaminergic polymorphic VT
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avoid exercise, beta blockers, ICD
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fibrofatty infiltration of the right ventricle resulting from dysfunction of the desmosome
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ARVC/D
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EKG findings in ARVC/D
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Tinv V1-V3, epsilon wave
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