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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What kind of arthritis is degenerative? |
Osteoarthritis
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What kind of arthritis is inflammatory? Which of these is seropositive?
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RA: seropositive |
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What are some kinds of crystal deposition disease/
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CPPD
Gout |
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What are some of the radiological signs of OA?
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Joint space narrowing
Osteophyte Subchondral sclerosis Subchondral cyst |
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What are some of the radiological signs of inflammatory arthritis?
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Juxta articular osteopenia
Joint space narrowing Erosions Alignment abnormalities |
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What is the common pathway for conditions causing inflammatory arthritis?
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Synovitis
Marrow edema Erosion Deformities |
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What is osteopenia?
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Loss of bone density
In normal bone xray, you can see the cortex on either side. In osteopenia, you see a blurring of the layers |
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What are the ABCS or arthritis?
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A: alignment
B: bone C: cartilage S: soft tissues |
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What does a film of reactive arthritis look like?
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"Sausage digit"
Fusiform swelling of an entire digit |
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What does a film of gout look like?
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Non-marginal erosions
Asymmetrical soft tissue swelling (tophi) which is just a collection of urate crystals |
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What is a heberden's node? Where is it found?
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It's a narrowing of the DIP
OA |
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What are the features of RA on plainfilms?
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Bare areas, erosions
Uniform joint space narrowing Absence of osteophytes Symmetric Periarticular, diffuse osteopenia Periarticular swelling Subluxations |
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What is a condition that can cause abnormal alignment of the hands without erosions?
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SLE
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Where does psoriatic arthritis target?
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DIP symmetrically |
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What are the features of psoriatic arthritis?
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Marginal erosions
Fluffy periositis near involved joints Fusiform soft tissue swelling (sausage digit) PRESERVED MINERALIZATION Sometimes, pencil in a cup! |
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Where does reactive arthritis target?
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Pauciarticular joints in feet more commonly than hands
SI joints |
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What are the features of reactive arthritis?
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Similar to psoriatic, but more commonly attacks the feet
Fluffy periositis SI joins |
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What are the signs of ankylosing spondylitis on plainfilms?
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Sacroilitis and Syndesmophytes
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Where does ankylosing spondylitis attack?
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SI joints |
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What are the features of ankylosing spondylitis?
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Symmetrical SI joint erosions, fusion |
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What crystals are deposited in gout? CPPD? HADD?
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Gout: monosodium urate |
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Where are the target sites for gout?
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Great toe MCP
Other asymmetric, pauciartiular sites |
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What are the features of gout on plainfilms?
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Bone changes late in course
Bizarre, non-marginal erosions TOPHI Bone mineralization is preserved |
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What are some of the malignant tumors of the musculoskeletal system?
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Malignant: osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing's ssarcoma |
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What are characteristics of nonaggresive MSK tumors?
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Well defined margins with native bone
No (or mature) periosteal reactions |
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What are characteristics of nonaggresive MSK lesions?
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Poorly defined margins
Periosteal reaction |
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What are the characteristics of an osteosarcoma?
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Calcified soft tissue mass
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What are the features of a chondrosarcoma?
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Calcified matrix of cartilage
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What are the features of Ewing's Sarcoma?
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Ill-defined margins, permeating bone
Hair on end, sunburst periosteal reaction Large soft tissue expasion |
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Who gets a simple bone cyst?
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Kids
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What is the most common location for a simple bone cyst?
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Proximal humerus
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What are the features of a simple bone cyst?
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Central lesion
Mildy expansile Sharp margins No periosteal reaction Blue arrow is a fallen fragment, which is a fracture htat has happened through a cyst (pathognomonic) |
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What are the features of a nonossifying fibroma?
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Eccentrically located
Well defined sclerotic margins with ridges |
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What are the features of fibrous dysplasia?
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Greyish, homogenous (ground glass) appearance
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Where is fibrous dysplasia commonly found?
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Proximal femur, pelvis
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What are the feagures of Paget's disease?
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A triad!
-Bone expansion -Trabecular thickening -Cortical thickening |
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What are the features of an osteoid osteoma?
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Small, benign
Sclerotic reactive bone |
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What kind of a person gets an osteoid osteoma?
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Kids, young adults
M>F |
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What kinds of medications does an osteoid osteoma respond to? Why?
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NSAIDS (asprin)
It produces prostaglandins |
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If someone comes in with a cervical spine fracture, what views should you order?
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Lateral (most important) |
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What is a hangman's fracture?
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A fracture of the posterior process of C2
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What is a Jefferson fracture? What causes this?
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C1 ring fracture with lateral displacement of fragments
Caused by diving into shallow water |
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What kind of fracture is caused by hyperextension? Why is it so crucial?
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Odontoid
YOU CAN'T MISS THIS. THEY WILL BE PARALYZED IF YOU LET THEM LEAVE! |
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What is the most common kind of shoulder dislocation?
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Anterior
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What has happened here?
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Anterior shoulder dislocation
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What direction to hips dislocate?
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Posterior
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What kinds of joints can you see effusions with on plainfilms?
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Elbows |
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What is a common location for a fracture on the radius?
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Head |
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What is the characteristic sign of a radial head fracture?
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The fat pad sign!
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If you see this in the knee, what should you think? What is it?
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It's lipohemarthrosis: fat from the marrow getting into the joint space
You should always think fracture here |
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What are signs of child abuse on films?
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Posterior rib fractures |
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What kind of imaging is best for the soft structures of the knee?
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MRI
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Generally, what is the source for osteomyelitis in adults? Kids?
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Adults: contiguous |
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What are the features of renal osteodystrophy?
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Hyperparathyroidism --> bone resorption
Osteoporosis Osteosclerosis Fuzzy margins of bone |
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What's the best imaging modality for osteonecrosis?
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MRI
This may be the most disturbing MRI I've ever seen. |
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What are features of sickle cell disease in the MSK?
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Osteonecrosis
H-shaped depressionin the vertebral bodies |