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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Triple whammy |
Ace I + diuretic + Nsaid |
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PROMPT for differential diagnosis |
Probability Red flags Often missed Masquerades Patient wants to tell me something |
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7 masquerades |
Depression Drugs Diabetes Anemia Thyroid Uti Spinal |
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Extrapulmonary TB is linked with... |
Think about HIV |
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SLE key tests |
ANA (sensitive) DsDNA (specific) ENA (Smith) ESR Crp Rf |
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Scleroderma types |
Cutaneous Cutaneous with limited organ involvement (CREST) Systemic sclerosis |
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Divergent squint |
3rd nerve palsy |
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Convergent squint |
6th nerve palsy |
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Bowel obstruction examination tips |
Check hernia orifices and PR |
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Back metastases |
Prostate Breast Lungs Thyroid Kidneys Melanoma |
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Virchow triad bleeding |
Coagulation factors Platelet deficiencies Vascular defects |
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DIC (causes of) |
Septicemia Obstetric emergency Disseminated malignancy Malaria Snake bite |
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Serious disorders not to miss |
Malignancy Myocardial ischemia / CVS issues Serious infections |
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Severe pneumonia for hospitalisation obs |
RR > 30 HR > 125 BP < 90/60 Spo2 < 92℅ Pao2 < 60 WCC <4 or >20 Altered mental state |
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Viral labyrinthitis = ... |
Vestibular neuronitis + hearing loss + tinnitus |
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COPDX |
Confirm diagnosis Optimise function Prevent deterioration Develop self management plan Manage exacerbations |
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Copd - optimise function (SMOKES) |
Smoking cessation Medications, vaccinations Oxygen Comorbidities Exercise Surgery/bullectomy |
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Precocious puberty age cutoffs |
Boys < 9yo Girls < 8yo
Boys always need head imaging to rule out pituitary adenoma |
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Kawasaki disease |
Fever > 39 for five days Bilateral conjunctivitis Peripheral changes (desquamation of hands) Mucus membrane changes (strawberry tongue, ulcers) Poly morphous rash Cervical lymphadenopathy > 15mm |
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HEEADSS |
Home Education, employment Exercise, eating Activities Drugs, alcohol Sexuality Suicide, depression |
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Cervical cancer, which HPV types account for 70% of causes? |
Types 16 & 18 |
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HPV is found in ...% of cervical cancers |
99.7% |
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Pap smear during pregnancy? |
Safe in 1st and 2nd trimesters (until 24 weeks) Do NOT use endocervical brush or Combi |
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After treating HSIL, follow up recommendations: |
4 to 6 months: Repeat cervical cytology + colposcopy Every 12 months: cervical cytology + HPV testing. Continue until negative for both tests for two consecutive times. |
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Possible or definite LSIL |
- Repeat pap 12 monthly until 2x normal smears. If lsil again, refer for colposcopy.
- If >30yo and no negative smears in 2 to 3 years (i.e. abnormal smear previously) -> refer for colposcopy, or... -> repeat pap in 6 months |
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Possible or definite HSIL |
Refer for colposcopy |
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Breast lump triple test |
1. Clinical examination 2. Imaging (USS, mammogram, MRI) 3. Histo (fna, core biopsy) |
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How to confirm anovulation? With blood tests |
Serum progesterone LH and FSH (pituitary hormones) |
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Menopause (symptom groups) |
Vasomotor Psychological Musculoskeletal Urogenital Skin |
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HRT for woman with uterus |
Need to use Progestogen (eg. medroxyprogesterone) In addition to estrogen (eg. Premarin) To counteract effect of uterine hyperplasia |
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Rh negative with PV bleed in pregnancy. |
If absent Rh antibodies, give anti d within 72h (3 days) Anti d routine at 28 and 34 weeks |
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Pregnancy weight gain |
12kg is expected weight gain 3kg in first 20week 0.5kg per week thereafter |
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Acne principles of treatment |
1. Comedolysis 2. Antibiotics 3. Reduce sebaceous activity |
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Breslow thickness |
Measured from granular layer of epidermis. |
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Finger nail clubbing |
Hereditary Respiratory (cancer, fibrosis) Cardiac (endocarditis) Liver (cirrhosis) GI (crohn) |
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Genital warts HPV type |
Types 6 & 11 |
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Incontinence urinary types |
Stress - Exercise, coughing Urge - sudden strong urge to urinate due to overactive or unstable bladder, neurology Overflow - bladder outflow obstruction Mixed |
