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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Opera |
-Drama for the stage in which all actors sing their parts. -Top position in the hierarchy of musical genres. -Types: Opera seria, Opera buffa |
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Recitative |
-Monologue/dialogue in speech rhythm accompanied by harpsichord and cello. -Used to move the plot forward. Types: Recitative secco, recitative accompagnato. |
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Basso Continuo |
-Continuous bass melody underlying chordal accompaniment.
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Castrato |
A male singer who was castrated before his voice changed in puberty. |
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Aria |
-Elaborate song, expression a feeling or point of view. -Made out of brief, recognizable motives. |
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Recitativo Secco |
-"Dry recitative." -Standard form of recitative. -Moves the plot forward and prepared for arias. |
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Recitativo Accompagnato |
-"Accompanied recitative." -Includes orchestral accompaniment, typically strings and continuo. -More rare. -Used in moments of emotional intensity or conflicting sentiments. |
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Claudio Monteverdi |
-1567 to 1643 -Born in Cremona, Italy. -Musical prodigy. -Worked at the court of Vincenzo Gonzaga, duke of Mantua, until 1612. -Composed Orfeo. -Composition style spanned the Renaissance and Baroque periods. |
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Flavola in musica |
-"Fable in music." -Used to describe an opera. |
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Oratorio |
-Dramatic work on a religious subject with stylistic similarities to opera. -Performed in a theater. -Came during the prohibition against operas during the the Lenten season. -Less expensive to produce. -Double/symbolic meaning. |
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Geroge Frideric Handel |
-1685-1759. -Born in Halle. -German composer. -Moved to Italy for three years, absorbed the Italian style. -Moved to London. -Produced Italian language opera at the Royal Academy of Music. -Composed "Messiah." -"German who wrote Italian opera in England." |
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Opera Seria |
-Serious or tragic opera. -Italian-language Opera. -Based on historical or mythological figures. -Structure: Alternation of recitatives and aria. |
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Siciliana |
-A pastoral dance. |
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Sequence |
-Short musical figure repeated several times at progressively higher or lower pitch levels. |
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Ritornello |
-Orchestral introduction, closing, and interludes between vocal phrases. -Establishes mood, tempo, and musical ideas of the aria. |
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Fugue |
-Polyphonic piece in which a single theme is introduced in one voice, is imitated in other voices, and then reoccurs throughout the piece. |
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Fugue Subject |
-Principle theme or melody. |
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Fugue Episodes |
-Section in which the subject is not stated. |
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Classical Period |
-1750-1825 -"Enlightenment Music" or "music in the Age of Reason." -Instrumental music become as significant as vocal music. -Composers active in Vienna. -Brought rise to conventions of modern concert life. -Music of poetry. -Disappearance of basso continuo. -Melody organized in paired phrases. -Age of the symphony. |
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J.S. Bach |
-1685-1750 -Now considered one of the greatest composers in history, but wasn't well know during his lifetime. -German composer, teacher, performer, and master of counterpoint. -Born into a family of musicians. -Spent his lifetime in a small part of Germany. -Virtuoso harpsichordist and organist. -Local music director at Leipzig's. |
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Well-Tempered Clavier |
-A collection of preludes and fugues in all of the major and minor keys. -The collection can be played on harpsichord, clavichord, or fortepiano. |
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Concerto |
-Three-movement work exploiting contrast between orchestra and one or more solo instruments. |
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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart |
-1756-1791 -Born in Salzburg. -Trained by his father, a violinist. -Toured Europe with father and sister. -Employed as a court musician in Salzburg. -Moved to Vienna. |
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Lorenzo Da Ponte |
-1749-1838 -Italian priest, libertine, and poet at the court of Joseph II. -Created three operas with Mozart. -Spent the last three decades of his life in America. |
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Dramma giocoso |
-"Playful drama." -Mixes comic and serious elements. -Serious characters: Members of the nobility. -Comic characters: Peasants and servants. |
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Opera buffa |
-Comic opera. -Included servants as well as nobles. |
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Libretto |
-The text of an opera. |
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Sonata form |
-Exposition. -Development. -Recapitulation. -Coda. |
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Coda |
-"Tail." |
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Schubertiades |
-Social occasions where Franz Schubert entertained his friends with music. -Informal social event, small scale, intimate, private. |
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Chamber music |
-Music played by a small ensemble for a small audience. - |
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Franz Schubert |
-1797-1828. -Born and lived in Vienna. -Sang and played piano and violin. -Studied composition with Antonio Salieri. -Worked at his fathers school but decided he didn't want to be a teacher. -Contracted disease (likely syphilis). -Died in 1828. |
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Lieder |
-German art song. - |
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Ludwig van Beethoven |
-1770-1827 -Bridge between Classical and Romantic music. -Born in Bonn and moved to Vienna. -Virtuoso pianist, conductor, composer. -Became deaf. -Isolated his final decade by deafness. -One of the first composers to make a living as an independent professional. -Interested in the ideas of freedom and equality. -Supported Napoleon Bonaparte. |
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Symphony |
-Common genre in the late eighteenth, early nineteenth century. -Composition for orchestra. -Movements: 1st movement (longest), slow movement, minuet and trio, and lively finale. |