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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are considered to be the accessory ligaments of the TMJ?
What is their function? |
Shenomandibular lig. and Stylomandibular Lig.
Limit excessive openings |
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Where is the sphenomandibular ligament attached?
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Lingula of the Mand.
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Where soes the stylomandibular Ligament attach?
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Angle of the Mand.
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What ligament is most damaged when using an inferior alveolar nerve block?
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Sphenomandibular ligament
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Where does the Temporomandibular ligament run?
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From the articular eminence to the mandibular condyle
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What are the functions of the Temporomandibular ligament?
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Provides lateral reinforcement
Prevents post. and infer. displacement of condyle Main Stabilizing Ligament |
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What is another name for temporomandibular ligaments?
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Lateral ligament
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What is another name for collateral ligaments?
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Discal Ligaments
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Where does the collateral ligaments run?
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Arise from the periphery of the disc and are attached to the medial and lateral poles of the condyle.
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What is the function of the Collateral ligaments?
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Stabilize the disc on top of the condyle
Resist movements of disc away from condyle during function |
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What are collateral ligaments made from?
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Collagenous connective tissue
Do Not Stretch |
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which muscle will cause a deviation of the mand. when protruding to the side of the damage?
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Lateral Pterygoid
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What are the two parts of the lateral pterygoid?
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Superior belly and inferior belly
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Where does the inferior belly of the lateral pterygoid run?
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From lateral pterygoid plate to neck of condyle
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Where does the superior belly of the lateral pterygoid run?
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Greater wing of the sphenoid and infratemporal crest
Inserts on joint capsule articular disk and condyle of neck |
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What is the function of the superior belly of the lateral pterygoid?
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Assist in stabilizing the position of the articular disk during closing
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What is the function of the masseter?
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Elevation of the mand. (Jaw closing)
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What is the function of the Temporalis?
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Elevation of mand. (Jaw closing)
Retraction of the mand. (lower jaw backward) |
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What is the function of the medial pterygoid?
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Elevation of the mand. (Jaw closing)
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What is the function of the inferior heads of the lateral pterygoid?
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Slight depression of the mand. (jaw closing)
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What occurs with unilateral contraction of the lateral pterygoids?
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Lateral deviation of mand.
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what occurs with bilateral contraction of the lateral pterygoid muscles?
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Protrusion of the mand.
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Where do you test a patients temporomandibular joint tenderness and noise?
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Joint palpated laterally over the post. surface of the condyles with the mouth open
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True/False:
Condyles are not symmetrical nor identical |
True
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Dislocation of the TMJ is almost always ...
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Anteriorly and occurs while laughing or yawning
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What is dislocation also referred as?
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Open lock
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Hypermobility or hypertranslation of the mand.
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Subluxation
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What is the difference between Dislocation and subluxation?
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With subluxation patient can return the mand. to its normal position without assistance of the dentist
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Which component of the TMJ has the most vasculature and innervation?
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Retrodiscal tissue
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Composed of dense fibrous connective tissue, and it is positioned in between the condyle and the fossa, dividing the joint into superior and inferior spaces.
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Articular disc
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What is the middle part of the articular disk called?
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Thinner central intermediate zone
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Which band is the thicker of the two on the articular disk?
Anterior or posterior |
Posterior
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What kind of tissue is attached to the post. Articular disk?
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Retrodiscal tissue
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What kind of tissue is attached to the anterior band of the articular disk?
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Contiguous with the capsular ligament, the condyle, and the superior belly of lateral pterygoid muscle.
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What are the articular surfaces of the TMJ covered with?
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Dense fibrous connective tissue
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What does the layer of fibrocartilaginous tissue provide to the TMJ?
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Offers resistance against both compressive and lateral forces
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What is the shape of the Condyle?
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Eliptically shaped
long axis is oriented mediolaterally |
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What test is considered to be the gold standard for providing an image of the soft tissue of the temporomandibular joint, esp. the position of the articular disc?
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MRI
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What is the major advantage of the MRI technique?
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No exposure of the patient to x-ray radiation
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what sound is made by the articular disc when displaced to the anterior of the condyle?
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Clicking
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What is a crepitation sound or a crepitus in the TMJ usually associated with?
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Degenerative process (osteoarthritis) of the condyle
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What is a dull thud in the TMJ usually associated with?
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Self-reducing subluxation of the condyle
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What is another term for ear ringing?
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Tinnitus
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If a patient has clicking in their TMJ where is this joint most likely to be displaced?
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Anteromedial
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What occurs during disc displacement of the TMJ?
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Collateral ligaments become elongated/torn
Allows lateral pterygoid to pull articular disc out of place |
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What type of joint is the TMJ?
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Ginglymoarthroidal joint
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What type of movements does the TMJ allow?
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Hinge like rotation
Sliding |
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What is considered to be the nonfunctioning portion of the TMJ?
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Articular fossa
(Ant 3/4 of large mand. fossa) |
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What is considered to be the functional part of the TMJ?
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Articular eminence
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What is it that connects the mand. to the temporal bone?
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Combined hinge and gliding joint
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What is the only movable joint in the skull that has dense fibrous connective tissue on its articular surfaces?
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TMJ
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The vessel supplies the TMJ?
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Deep temporal and Masseteric of max. artery
Branches of superficial temporal from external carotid |
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What is the venous drainage of the TMJ?
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Superficial temporal, maxillary, and pterygoid plexus
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What is the capsule of the TMJ innervated by?
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Auriculotemporal nerve (V3)
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What is the anterior region of the TMJ innervated by?
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Massetertic and deep temporal from V3; Sensory from V3
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What path do the nerve fibers that innervate the TMJ follow?
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Vessels of the blood supply; End as free nerve endings
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What parts of the TMJ are not innervated?
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Articular cartilage and central part of the articular disc.
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Are myelinated or unmyelinated nerves seen in the TMJ?
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Both
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What is the source of proprioception in the TMJ?
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Retiodiscal tissue
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What structure of the TMJ secretes the fluid that lubricates the TMJ?
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Inner synovial layer of fibrous capsule
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The fibrous capsule of the TMJ is fairly thin except where?
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Laterally where it forms the temporomandibular ligament (lateral)
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Where is the fibrous capsule of the TMJ firm?
Why? |
Medially and Laterally
Stabilize mand. during movement |
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Where is the fibrous capsule of the TMJ loose?
Why? |
Anterior and Posterior
Allow mand. movement |
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What are large amounts of synovial fluids an indication of in the TMJ?
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Painful internal derangements
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What is the purpose of the joint capsule and ligaments of the TMJ?
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Restrict excessive displacement of the mand.
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Thicker layer of fibrous tissue which is reinforced by accessory ligaments.
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Outer fibrous layer of the fibrous capsule of the TMJ
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Translatory movements take place in which compartment of the TMJ?
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Upper (mand. fossa - articular disc) compartment
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Rotary motions take place in which compartment of the TMJ?
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Lower (condyle - articular disc) compartment
Hinge-type |