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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Huntington's Dz s/s |
Chorea: jerky involuntary movements affecting the shoulders, hips, face |
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Rx for Huntington's Dz |
tetrabenazine (psychotropic) |
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Dystonia |
neuromuscular movement disorder --> muscle contractions causing twisting & repetitive movements OR abnormal postures. Worsened by voluntary movements |
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pyridostigmine |
* Anticholinesterase -Should be taken 30-60 minutes ac *For Myasthenia Gravis d/t progressive muscular weakness |
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What Rx for Trigeminal Neuralgia? |
Anticonvulsants -dec pain impulses and provides pn relief |
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Tx for migranes and cluster h/a? |
Triptans |
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Meningitis |
-occurs quickly over several days from exposure |
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Tonic-clonic seizure aka? s/s? |
-Grand mal seizure * Clonic (shaking) phase last longer than tonic phase (rigid contracture of muscles) |
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Migraine triggers? |
Tyramine (aged cheese) MSG Caffeine Chocolate |
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Broca's area |
Front lobe -difficulty w/ speech --> Expressive aphasia |
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Wernicke's Area |
Difficulty w/ comprehension --> RECEPTIVE aphasia |
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Chronic OPEN-angle glaucoma |
*Inc pressure of the eye -Loss of bi-peripheral vision -Inc intraocular pressure |
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ACUTE CLOSED-angle glaucoma |
*Fluid blocked and cannot get out of eye = quick, severe rise in pressure. **Medical ER!! -Sudden onset of blurred vision -Severe eye pain |
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Ototoxic Drugs |
aminoglycosides antimycobacterials thiazides loop diuretics antineoplastics |
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Strabismus |
Cross-eyed |
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Pregnancy induced HTN (PIH) progression and duration |
Can progress to preeclampsia and eclampsia prior to, during or after delivery up to 10 days |
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HHNS vs DKA |
*HHNS: Type 2 DM, BG @least 600, dehydration, ph>7.3, altered consciousness |
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Diabetes screening in pregnant women |
btw 24-28 weeks babies > 9 lbs @ birth |
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PUD Tx |
PPI Metronidazole Tetracycline Bismuth Subsalicylate |
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PUD Complications |
DUMPING SYNDROME PERNICIOUS ANEMIA R/T loss of intrinsic factor needed to absorb Vit B12 |
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PUD Tx |
Slow eating LOW carb HIGH protein + fat *Avoid liquids w/meals |
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H2 receptor antagonists suffix |
-tidine |
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Proton Pump Inhibs suffix |
-prazole |
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GERD Tx |
Nissan Fundoplication |
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Ulcerative Colitis |
15-35 yo & 50-70 yo **Involves ONLY the COLON; starts in rectum Bleed + Diarrhea: 2-3/day Protein loss in stools Thickening and narrowing of colon *Impaired absorption of FAT-soluble Vits (E,K) Can affect the LIVER, joints, skin & eyes |
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Crohn's Dz |
15-30 yo *non-continuous & can be ANYWHERE in GI tract Diarrhea w/ unprocessed fats w/o blood/mucus *RLQ abdominal pain *Complications: PERITONITIS r/t bowel perforation Tx: NPO -- acute stage, TPN, or PPN. ENTERAL nutrition: - Hi calories + protein, LOW roughage + fat AFTER acute stage. *Rx: sulfasalazine |
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Diverticular Dz |
*r/t low fiber diet + obesity S/S: low grade fever, anorexia, chills, nausea *Crampy LLQ + leukocytosis (inc WBC) *alternating CONSTIPATION + DIARRHEA *complcation: PERITONITIS, fistula, obstrxn, BLEED |
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Diverticulosis |
outpouching; no infxn Tx: HI fiber + HI residue |
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DivertiCULITIS |
inflammation + infxn Tx: ABX + LOW fiber diet (ACUTE phase) to rest the bowels *Bowel RESECTION. Temp colostomy. |
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CONSTIPATION Laxatives |
Milk of Magnesia Magnesium citrate Bisacodyl, Psyllium, Mineral oil, docusate sodium |
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Enemas |
500-1000 ml saline soap 100-120 ml retention oil Fleet's enema: 100 ml |
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Diarrhea Rx |
Dec motility --> loperamide, diphenoxylate ACUTE = no solid food for 24 hours SEVERE = r/t infxn. Need antimicrobials |
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Assessing CONSTIPATION + DIARRHEA |
Amount Color Consistency Time (duration) |
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Hepatitis types |
A: ass to mouth r/t poor sanitation + overcrowding. *Havrix vaccine
B: blood through skin & sex *Recombivax, Engerix B
C: Carriers from needles --> l/t cirrhosis + liver CA
D: blood through skin + sex. Like B **NO VACCINE
E: ass to mouth r/t waterborne illness ** NO VACCINE |
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Cirrhosis s/s |
*RUQ pain Dec clotting factors EDEMA + ASCITES r/t dec proteins and inc aldosterone *HYPOGLYCEMIA r/t non-conversion of glycogen to glucose *DARK urine and fatty CLAY-COLORED stools |
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Cirrhosis complications |
ASCITES Hepatic encephalopathy PORTAL HTN |
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Cirrhosis Tx |
Fat-soluble vitamins includ Vit B Steroids *HI Carbs, reduce protein + Na 2-3k calories/day |
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Portal HTN |
hemorrhoids enlarged spleen esophageal varices/ GI bleed Anemia |
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Portal HTN Tx |
Schlerotherapy Balloon tamponade --> Blakemore tube *Dec pressure in portal system => VASOPRESSIN + BETA BLOCKERS *TIPS shunt Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) + Vit K |
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Hepatic Encephalopathy |
Asterixis: flapping tremors Resp Alkalosis r/t hyperventilation Fetor hepaticus: sweet breath CONFUSION to COMA |
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Hepatic Encephalopathy Tx |
Neomycin sulfate Lactulose LOW protein diet |
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Hepatitis s/s |
JAUNDICE Dark urine r/t excess urobilin excretion Clay-colored stools bc no bilirubin excreted; bilirubin excreted via urine Pruritus r/t bile salts RUQ pain r/t edema & inflammed liver Anorexia, N/V, weight loss Anemia Liver CA |
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Pancreatitis |
*LUQ pain HYPOVOLEMIA + shock r/t hemorrhage Cullen's sign + Gray Turner's (flank bruising) r/t hemorrhage; striae *Pain AFTER eating & when lying FLAT HYPERGLYCEMIA + HYPOcalcemia
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