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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Homeostasis |
State of relative Equilibrium maintained by physiological processes |
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Why is the Nervous System critical for maintaining homeostasis? |
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The most complex system of any organism. |
The Nervous System |
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The two major divisions of the Nervous System. |
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Central Nervous System (CNS) |
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Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
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Somatic System |
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Autonomic System |
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Explain the role of the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic divisions of the Autonomic System. |
Works in opposition to regulate involuntary processes of the body. |
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Divisions of The Nervous System
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Two types of cells composing the nervous system. |
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Neuron |
Specialized cells to respond to physical and chemical stimuli, conduct electrochemical signals, and release chemicals to regulate various body processes. |
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Glial Cells (Neuroglial Cells) |
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Nerves |
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Sensory Receptors |
Receives stimuli and forms a nerve impulse |
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Sensory Neurons |
Transmit impulses from the sensory receptors to the interneurons. |
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Interneurons |
Found in the brain and spinal cord: acts as an integration centre |
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Motor Neurons |
Conducts impulses from the interneurons to the effectors |
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Effectors |
Muscles, glands, and other organs that respond to impulses from the motor neurons. |
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Sensory Input |
Sensory neurons gather information from the sensory receptors and transmits these impulses to the CNS. |
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Interneurons |
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Impulse Transmittion Pathway |
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Reflex Arc |
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Reflex |
A response to a stimulus without conscious thought. |
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Structure of a Neuron |
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Dendrites |
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Cell Body |
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Axon |
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Myelin Sheath |
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Schwann Cells |
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In the Central Nervous System(CNS): Myelinated neurons form ____. Unmyelinated neurons form ____. |
Myelinated Neurons form the white matter, and unmyelinated neurons form the grey matter. |
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Neuron Structures and Functions |
Synapse : communication between neurons |
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Neurons are able to establish a voltage difference between the inside and outside of the cell membrane. They use this voltage difference to generate a neural impulse. |