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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Neuron
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Cell that carries impulses
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Dendrite
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Carries information toward the cell body
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Cell Body
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Hold the nucleus & Organells
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Axom
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Carries information away from the cell body
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Nissle bodies
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Ribosomes, give grey matter its grey apperence.
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Myelin
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Insulates the Axon & Speeds transmition.
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Axon Terminals
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Relese neurotransmiter
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Neurotransmitter
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Chemicals that travel across the synapes
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Synapse
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Space between the neurons
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Neuroglial Cells
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Supporting Cells
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Astrocyte
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Supply Nutrition
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Schwann Cells
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Produce mylin in the PNS
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Oligodendrocytes
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Produce mylin in the CNS
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Ependymal Cells
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Line enternal cavities, also produce cerebral spinal fluid.
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Microglial Cells
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Clean up debris
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CNS
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Brain and Spinal Cord
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PNS
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Branching nerves PNS
Branch into- Sensory Motor |
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Sensory
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Carries impulses toward the CNS
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Motor
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Carries information away from the CNS
Divides Into- Somatic Autonomic |
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Somatic
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Regulates volunatry movement
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Autonomic
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Regulate involuntary movement
Branches Into- Sympathetic Parasympathetic |
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Sympathetic
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EX- Stimulates the adrenal gland
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Parasympathetic
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Returns you to normal
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Cervical Enlargements
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Servers the Arms
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Lumbar Enlargements
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Servers the Legs
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Spinal Nerves
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Designated by a letter and mumber, EX- C2: 2nd Cervical Nerve
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Narrowing
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Loses mass as the nerves branch, because of branching nerves
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Conus Medularis
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Cone shapped end of the spinal cord
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Cauda Equina
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Nerves that extend from the conus medularis
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Filum Terminale
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Fianl ligament that attatches to the tail bone
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Grey Matter
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Contains cell bodies on the inside
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White Matter
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Contains axons on the outside
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Ganglion
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Collection of sensory cell bodies outside of the CNS
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Cerebrospinal Fluid
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Found in the central canal & subarachnoid space, Acts as a "shock absorber"
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Cerebrum
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For intellegence, Thought and Memory
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Cerebellum
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For cordination and balance
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Brain Stem
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Includes the;
Diencephalon Mesasephalon Pons Medual Oblongada |
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Diencephalon
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Divides:
Thalamus Hypothalamus |
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Thalamus
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Relay center for sensory information
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Hypothalamus
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Controls emotions
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Pons
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Relay center for vouluntary and involuntary movement
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Midbrain
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Interprets visual and auditory information
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Medulla Oblongata
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Controls vital processes
EX: Breathing, Heart Rate, Pulse |
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Grey Matter
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Cellbodies, outside
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White Matter
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Axons, Inside
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Gyri
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Elevation on the brain
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Sulci
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Depression on the brain
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Meninges
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Membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord
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Pia Matter
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Intermost Layer/Membrane that is in contact with the brain and spinal cord
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Subarachnoid Space
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Contains ceribral spinal fluid, and is the site of a spinal tap
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Arachnoid Space
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2nd Layer, Web-like, very thin
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Dura Matter
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Outer moust layer, very durable
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Epidural Space
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Contains fat, site of anestisia
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Innate
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Born with it, EX- Rooting reflex
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Acquired
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Learned reflexes
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Monosynaptic
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Only 1 synapse, Very Fast
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Polysynaptic
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2 or more synapse, Slower
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Spinal
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Processed by the spinal cord only
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Cranial
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Processed by the brain only
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Somatic
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Cause a response in skeletal or voluntary muscle
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Autonomic
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Cause a reponse in skeletal or involuntary muscle
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Affector
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Always a sense organ
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Afferent Neuron
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Carries information into the CNS
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Association neuron
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Is found withen the CNS
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Efferent Neuron
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Carries information away from the CNS
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Efferctor
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Is always a gland or a muscle
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Sensory
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Carries information into the CNS
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Motor
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Carries information out of the CNS
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Mixed
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Carries info both ways
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