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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is blood supply of the Pelvis and the Perineum?
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-Internal Iliac artery and its branches
-Median sacral and gonadal arteries (Direct branches of the abdominal Aorta) -Gonadal arteries (Testicular and Ovarian arteries) |
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Which nerve, artery and vein goes ABOVE the Piriformis and through the GREATER Sciatic foramen?
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Superior Gluteal Nerve
Superior Gluteal Artery Superior Gluteal Vein |
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Which nerve, arteries and veins go BELOW the Piriformis and through the GREATER Sciatic Foramen?
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Inferior Glutea Nerve, Artery and Vein
Internal Pudendal Artery and Vein Pudendal Nerve Sciatic Nerve Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Nerve to the Quadratus Femoris Nerve to the obturator Internus |
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Which nerves, arteries and veins go through the LESSER sciatic Foramen?
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Pudendal Nerve
Internal Pudendal Arteryand Vein Nerve to the Obturator Internus |
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Which artery, nerve and vein go through the Obturator Canal?
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Obturator Nerve
Obturator Artery Obturator Vein |
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What are the three main branches of the Internal Iliac Artery (Posterior Trunk)?
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Iliolumbar Artery
Superior Gluteal Artery Lateral Sacral Artery |
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The Iliolumbar Artery supplies which structures?
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Quadratus lumborum
Psoas major Iliacus mm Pelvic Wall |
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The Superior Gluteal Artery supplies which structures?
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Gluteus Maximum (upper 1/2)
Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fasciae lata mm |
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The Lateral Sacral Artery supplies which structures?
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-Vertebral Canal
-Back -Rectum -Pelvic Wall |
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In both males and females, the Obturator Artery targets which muscles?
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Obturator Internus Muscle
Adductor compartment of the thigh |
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In both males and females, the Superior Vesical Artery targets which structure?
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Bladder
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The Perineal structures are supplied which artery in both males and females?
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Internal Pudendal Artery
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The Lower 1/2 of the Gluteus maximus is supplied by which artery in both males and females?
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The Inferior Gluteal Artery
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The Rectum is supplied by which artery? (males and females)
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Middle Rectal Artery
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The bladder, prostate and seminal vesicle is supplied by which artery? (males)
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Inferior Vesical
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The Vas deferens is supplied by which artery?
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Deferential Artery
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The Uterine artery targets which structure?
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Uterus
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The Vaginal artery targets which structure?
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Vagina
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The External Pudendal artery supplies which structures?
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-The skin of the penis and scrotum (males)
-Clitoris and labia majora (females) |
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The Anal Canal is supplied by which artery in males and females?
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Inferior Rectal Artery
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The structures inferior to the perineal membrane is supplied by which artery? (males and females)
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The Perineal Artery
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The continuation of the Internal Pudendal Artery after its perineal branch is known as which artery? (Males)
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Artery of Penis
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The bulb of the Penis is supplied by which artery?
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Artery of Bulb (Branch of Artery of Penis)
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The Crus of Penis and Corpus Cavernosum is supplied which artery?
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Deep artery of Penis (Branch of Artery of Penis)
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The Non-erectile tissues of the penis and glans Penis is supplied by which artery?
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Dorsal artery of Penis (Branch of Artery of Penis)
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The continuation of the Internal Pudendal Artery after its perineal branch is known as which artery? (Female)
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Artery of Clitoris
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The Bulb of Vestibule is supplied by which artery?
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Artery of Bulb (Branch of Artery of Clitoris)
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The Crus of Clitoris and corpus Clitoridis is supplied by which artery?
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Deep artery of Clitoris (Branch of Artery of Clitoris)
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The non-erectile tissues of clitoris and glans clitoridis is supplied by which artery?
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Dorsal Artery of Clitoris (Branch of Artery of Clitoris)
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All branches of the Internal Iliac arteries have their corresponding veins except which arteries?
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The Umbilical arteries
Iliolumbar arteries Internal pudendal artery |
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Which vein drains the glans and corpora cavernosa of phallus (Penis/clitoris)?
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Deep Dorsal Vein
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Which vein runs along the dorsal midline between the dorsal arteries of the penis/clitoris?
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Deep Dorsal Vein
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Which vein does NOT have any corresponding arteries?
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Deep Dorsal Vein
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Which veins are an important portocaval anastomosis in the rectal veins?
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-Superior Rectal Vein (into Portal Vein)
-MIddle Rectal Vein (into the IVC) -Inferior Rectal Vein (into the IVC) |
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Where does the Pelvic Lymph drain into?
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Directly and indirectly into the lateral aortic nodes --> lumbar trunks--> thoracic duct
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Where does the Internal Iliac nodes receive its drainage from?
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The Gluteal region and from the deep perineum
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The lymphs from superficial penis/clitoris, scrotum and labia major drain mainly into which nodes?
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The Superficial Inguinal Nodes
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Which lymphs drain into the deep inguinal nodes and the external iliac nodes?
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Glans Penis
Glans Clitoridis Labia minora Terminal Inferior end of Vagina |
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The lymph from testes drain directly into which nodes?
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-Lateral aortic (lumbar) node
-Pre-aortic node |
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The Sacral and Coccygeal Plexuses are formed by which rami? What does it innervate?
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Ventral Rami of S1-Co1 (gets major contribution from L4-L5)
-innervates lower limb -muscles of pelvis and perineum -skin of these regions |
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The sacral Plexus if formed by which rami?
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-The Ventral Rami of S1-S4 and Lumbosacral trunk (L4-L5)
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What are the major branches of the Sacral Plexus?
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Pudendal nerve
Gluteal Nerve Sciatic Nerves |
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Where does the Sciatic Nerve leave from?
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Leaves the pelvic cavity through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the Piriformis
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What are the two branches of the Sciatic Nerve?
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The Tibial (L4-S3)
Common Fibular (L4-S2) |
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Which structures does the Sciatic Nerve innervate?
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-Muscles in the posterior and lateral compartments of the thigh
-Anterior, lateral and posterior compartments of the leg -plantar and dorsal compartments of the foot |
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The Pudendal Nerve is formed by which rami?
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Ventral Rami of S2-S4
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The Pudenal Nerve leaves from which structure?
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Leaves the Pelvic Cavity through the Greater Sciatic Foramen, Inferior to the Piriformis, and enters the Perineum through the lesser sciatic foramen
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The Pudendal Nerve is accompanied by which nerve and vein?
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The Internal Pudendal Artery
-Internal Pudendal Nerve |
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The Skin, skeletal muscles of the perineum, external urethral and external anal sphincters are supplied by which nerve?
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The Pudendal Nerve
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What are the three main branches of the Pudendal Nerve in the Perineum (Male)
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-Inferior Rectal Nerve
-Perineal Nerve -Dorsal nerve of the penis/clitoris |
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What does the Inferior Rectal Nerve supply? (Male)
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-External anal sphincter
-part of levator ani -Sensory to skin of anal triangle |
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What does the Perineal Nerve supply? (Male)
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Skeletal muscles in superficial and deep perineal pouches.
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The Dorsal nerve of the penis/clitoris supplies which structure?
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The Sensory to the Penis/Clitoris (especially the glans)
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Which nerve is blocked during delivery to relieve most of the somatic pain?
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Pudendal Nerve
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What are the branches of the Sacral Plexus?
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Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4-S1)
Inferior Gluteal Nerve (L5-S2) Obturator Nerve (L2-L4) Nerve to the Obturator Internus (L5-S2) Nerve to Quadratus Femoris (L4-S1) Nerve to Piriformis (S1-S2) Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (S2-S3) [S1] Perforating Cutaneous Nerve (S2-S3) |
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What does the Superior Gluteal Nerve supply?
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The Gluteus Medius
The Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fasciae Lata |
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What does the Inferior Gluteal Nerve supply?
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The Gluteus Maximus
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What does the Obturator Nerve supply?
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Adductor Compartment of the thigh
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What does the posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve supply?
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The Skin of the Thigh
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What does the Perforating Cutaneous Nerve supply?
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The Skin over the inferior aspect of the buttocks
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The Coccygeal Plexus is supplied by which Rami? What does it give rise to? What does it innervate? Which muscle does it pierce?
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The Ventral Rami of (S4) S5-Co1
-Gives rise to anococcygeal nerves -innervates the skin in the anal triangle of the perineum -pierces the Coccygeus muscle |
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How many sympathetic ganglia are present on each trunk?
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4
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How does the Prevertebral plexus enter the pelvis?
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It enters as hypogastric nerves, originating from Superior hypogastric plexus
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What forms the Inferior Hypogastric Plexus?
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Hypogastric Nerve and the Pelvic Splanchnic Nerve
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The erectile tissues in the penis and the clitoris are innervated by branches of what plexus?
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The Branches of Prostatic Plexus (Males)
and Uterovaginal Plexus (Females) |
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Which nerve is the main parasympathetic nerve?
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The Pelvic Splanchnic Nerve S2-S5
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Parasympathetic innervation of the hindgut, pelvis and the perineum is controlled by which nerve?
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The Splanchnic Nerve
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Sympathetic Innervation of the Pelvis mainly comes from which segments of the Spinal Cord?
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T10-L2
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The Sympathetic Innervations of the Pelvis causes contraction to which muscles?
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-smooth muscle in the internal urethral sphincter (male)
-smooth muscle in internal anal Sphincter (male and female) |
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Which innervation of the pelvis is responsible for the contraction of smooth muscle of the reproductive tract and the accessory glands of the reproductive system ?
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Sympathetic Innervations of the Pelvis
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Sympathetic Innervations of the Pelvis is important in moving secretions from what structure?
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The Epididymis and associated glands into the urethra to form semen during ejaculation
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T12-L1 supplies which pelvic structures?
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Ovary
Testis Vas Deferens (in Spermatic Cord) |
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L1-L2 supplies which pelvic structures?
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Intrapelvic vas deferens and seminal vesicle
-bladder, urethra, rectum (male and female) -Prostate and prostatic urethra |
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T10-L1 Supplies which pelvic structures?
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Uterus
Uterine Tubes |
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Erection, Urination, defecation is supplied by which nerve?
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Pelvic Splanchnic Nerve from S2-S5
-Parasympathetics! Point Pee Poop |
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Ejaculation and Orgasm is supplied from which nerve?
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The Thoracic and Lumbar Splanchnic Nerve
T10-L2 |
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The Somatic Nervous System is carried by which nerves?
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The Pudendal Nerve and direct branches from S2-S4
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Which system controls the functions of ovaries, testes and uterus: ovulation, spermatogenesis, and uterine contractions during menstruation and childbirth?
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VISCERAL Nervous System!
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T10-L2 is responsible for contraction of which sphincter and which muscle?
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-Contraction of Internal sphincters (urethral/anal)
-Relaxation of smooth muscles in the walls of rectum and bladder |
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S2-S4 is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of which muscle?
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Relaxation of smooth internal sphincters
-Contraction of smooth muscles in the walls of the rectum and bladder |
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Somatic Innervation of the Pelvis and the Perineum is which nerve?
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Pudendal Nerve (S2-S4)
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Which structures keep the contents of the rectum and bladder inside?
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Levator Ani
External Anal Sphincter Puborectal Sling Sphincter Urethrae |
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Which muscles assist in erection by pumping blood into the erectile tissue, rhythmical contractions during ejaculation/orgasm?
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The Bulbospongiosus
Ischiocavernosus |
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Which motor system is responsible for making the muscles in the walls contract and relax the internal sphincters?
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The Visceral Motor System
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