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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Communication |
Passing information one from one person to another
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Verbal Communication
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Conveying messages using words or vocal sounds
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Paralinguistics
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Vocal features that accompany speech
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Tone of Voice
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The way words are spoken to to convey emotion
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Emphasis
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Giving prominence to some words more then others
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Intonation
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Inflection in the voice when speaking
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Non-verbal communication
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Conveying messages that do not require words or vocal sounds
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Eye contact
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When 2 people in a conversation are looking ar others eyes at the same time
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Pupil dilation
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When the pupils in the eyes expand to look large
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Body language
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A general term to describe aspects of non-verbal communication
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Posture
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The positioning of the body, often regarded as non-verbal communication signal
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Postural echo
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Mirroring another person's body position
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Confederate
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An actor or stooge who appears to be a genuine participant in the experiment but is actually working for the experimenter
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Closed posture
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Positioning the arms so that they are folded across the body and/or crossing the legs
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Open posture |
Positioning the arms so they are not folded across the body and not crossing the legs
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Gesture
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A form of non non-individual communication in which information is conveyed by either deliberate or unconscious movement parts of the body
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Touch
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A form if non-verbal communication in which information is conveyed by physical contact between people
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Personal Space
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The distance we keep between ourselves and other people in our everyday lives
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Sex Differences
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Differences due to being either male or female these; these could affect personal space between individuals
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Individual Differences
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Factors that make one person not the same as another person, such as personality or age
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Cultural Norms
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The range of behavior that members of a particular social group or society can be expected to show
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Status
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A persons's rank or positions within soceity
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Argyle, Alkema and Glimour (NVC)
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Tone of Voice
Evaluation: 1. Studies carried out in artificial conditions 2. Participants were asked to focus on tone of voice |
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Argyle (NVC)
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Memory
Evaluation: 1. Asking people to get acquainted and then observing them is a very artificial situation |
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Sackeim (NVC)
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Facial Expressions
Evaluation: 1. Still pictures are artificial, faces change constantly 2. We don't look at facial expressions in isolation with other people |
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McGinley (NVC) |
Postural Echo
Evaluation: 1.Participants didn't know they were in a research - ethical issue 2. Other factors causing the difference in results |
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Lynn and Mynier (NVC)
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Gesture
Evaluation: 1. Other reasons for tips given, e.g size of bill 2. Study doesn't show knowledge of the effect of gestures can be used as advantage |
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Fisher, Rytting and Heslin (NVC)
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Touch
Evaluation: 1. Participants were all female , males would've acted differently 2. Participants didn't know they were being used - ethical |
