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55 Cards in this Set

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Artic

The farthest north place. Area between the North Pole and the northern timberline of North America, Europe, and Asia

Timberline

Point beyond which trees cannot grow because of extreme cold, type of soil and other factors

Aurora borealis

Northern lights that sometimes light up the night sky

Glaciers

Large masses of ice that flow slowly over land

Iceberg

A piece of glacier that has moved down a mountain or across a polar regions and broken off into the sea

Plankton

Many tiny plants and animals that thrive in the article waters

Narwhals

Small whales whose males have a single spiraled tusk

Polar bears

Some of the world's largest carnivores that live on the ice and hunt the seal

Puffins

Strange looking birds who spend their time swimming and diving for fish in the Artic Ocean's icy water

Fur seals

Seals with coarse, frost proof hair and a thick layer of fat.

Blubber

Thick layer of fat that keeps fur seals warm and keeps water from penetrating to their skin

The fur seal is important to the people of the Artic because...

People depend on it for food, clothing, light and heat

Most of the Northern Hemisphere's icebergs come from where...

Greenland

Erick the Red

Viking from Norway who founded Geeenland's first European settlement

Tundra

Region of treeless Artic plains north of the timberline

Frigid Zone

Coldest regions of the earth

Land of Midnight Sun

Tundra region's nickname because in summer time the sun shines all day and all night

Permafrost

Permanently frozen ground

Lichens

One of the hardiest plants on earth. Two kinds of plants- fungi and algae- growing together.

Artic willow

The world's smallest tree

Arctic tern

A sea bird that migrates farther than any other bird

Ptarmigan

Arctic bird that has on its feet a mat of short feathers that serve as snowshoes to help it travel across the snow

Birds of the tundra

Other birds are: snowy owl, gulls, snow goose, Canada goose

Musk oxen

Large cattlelike mammals that stand about 5ft high

Caribou

North American reindeer

Artic wolf

Big, shaggy, member of the dog family.

Artic fox

Often travels more than a thousand miles in search for food, making it one of the widest ranging land mammals

Lemmings

Little rodents four or five inches long that look like fat round mice

Eskimos

The people of northern Alaska

Inuits

The people of Greenland and Artic Canada

Most common meats

Seal and caribou

Mukluks

Boots from sealskin

Parkas

Long hooded jackets made of different types of fur

Igloos

Temporary shelters Eskimos built when they were traveling

Dog sleds

Good way for inhabitants of the Artic to travel long distances over ice and snow

Only kind of animal that was domesticated

Dog

Snowmobiles

Today Eskimos and Inuits use these rather then dogs to pull their sled.

Kayak

A one man boat constructed of sealskin stretched over the frame

Umiak

Large open boat also made of skins stretched over a frame.

Harpoon

Wooden tool for hunting

Modern Eskimos

Today many have moved into towns and villages because there are not enough animals left on the tundra for them to hunt to support themselves

Sir Wilfred Grenfell

Famous missionary to the Canadian Inuits

Taiga

Vast evergreen forest that stretches for 3,000 miles to cover much of Canada and parts of Alaska

Also known as boreal forests

Conifers

Cone- bearer, oldest and largest trees in the world

Evergreen

Trees that keep their leaves all year

Spruce

Vary in height and grow abundantly and closely together

Broadleaf trees

The most numerous and varied trees in the world

Deciduous

Trees that lose their leaves in the fall

Paper birch

Indians used it for canoes and baskets and sometimes to substitute paper

Beaver

North American largest rodent

Have done more than any other animal to shape the landscape of North America

Beaver

King of the birds

Golden eagle

White headed bird

The Bald Eager

Tribes from the far north

Creer, Ottawa, Yellowknife, Beaver, And Ojibway

Permmican

Mixture of deies meat pounded together with eggs and chicken