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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The new food label proposed this month by the FDA will add a special highlighted component |
Added Sugars |
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The term for elevated blood sugar levels is |
Hyperglycemia |
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Adequate Intake (AI) for fiber for adult women is set at ____ grams/1000 kcals |
14 grams/1000 kcals |
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The contents of the stomach pass through the pyloric sphincter at the rate of a ______ at a time. |
Teaspoon |
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The functions of dietary carbohydrates include all of the following except: A. Providing energy B. Providing EFA C. Promoting gastrointestinal function and health D. Preventing ketosis
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B. Providing EFA |
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The first part of the small intestine and where the common bile duct releases bicarbonate is called: |
Duodenum |
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The villi facilitate absorption of nutrients in the small intestine by: |
Increasing surface area |
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What is the smallest functional unit in the human body? |
Cell |
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The main role of the stomach in digestion and absorption is to |
Mix food to form chyme |
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Which of the following are absorbed in the large intestine A. Vitamins and minerals B. Water and electrolytes C. Fiber and carbohydrates D. Fatty acids and minerals
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B. Water and Electrolytes |
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The monosaccharide that makes up blood sugar is called: |
Glucose |
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All of the following are monosaccharides except for __________ which is a disaccharide A. Glucose B. Sucrose C. Fructose D. Galactose |
B. Sucrose |
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The hormone __________ is stimulated when blood glucose is low; this hormone acts to breakdown carbohydrate stored as _________________. |
Glucagon, Glycogen |
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The digestive disorder associated with the outpouching of the colon is called: |
Diverticulosis |
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Which of the following is a poor source of dietary fiber? |
Lowfat yogurt |
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When a word ends in –ase, it is most likely named which of the following regulators: |
Enzyme |
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The pancreas is an endocrine and exocrine gland; an endocrine secretion from the pancreas is: |
Glucagon |
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The pancreas is an endocrine and exocrine gland; an exocrine secretion from the pancreas is: |
Insulin |
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The naturally occurring transporter of cholesterol from tissue back to the liver for processing, thought to be protective against cardiovascular disease is called: |
HDL |
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A (an)________ is a compound that protects other compounds, such as UFA, and body tissues from the damaging effects of oxygen. |
Antioxidants |
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Waves of muscular contraction that propel food along the gastrointestinal tract are called: |
Peristalisis |
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Plants store carbohydrates in two forms that are digestible by the human body; the form of starch that is linear is called: |
Amylose |
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Which of the following is known to prevent or treat diarrhea in developing countries? |
All of the above |
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In the human body, glucose is stored as: |
Glycogen |
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The hormone _____________ stimulates the release of pancreatic enzyme and bile from the gallbladder |
CCK |
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Which of the following is NOT TRUE about lactose intolerance? A. Symptoms can improve with dietary changes B. Most common in younger children C. Caused by an allergy to lactose D. Is caused by an enzyme deficiency E. All of the above are true |
C. Caused by an allergy to lactose |
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Insulin is synthesized and released by the: |
Pancreas |
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Tom’s doctor is concerned that he might have reactive hypoglycemia and orders a fasted oral glucose tolerance test performed. Some time after drinking the glucose load, how will his blood glucose levels compare to his fasted blood glucose if he has reactive hypoglycemia? |
Less than 70mg/100ml |
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A(an) ________ is the medical term for a heart attack. |
Myocardial infarction |
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Where do atherosclerotic plaques develop? |
Arteries |
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The overall male-to-female ratio for heart disease is 2:1. Women generally lag about ____ behind men in developing heart disease |
10 years |
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Which of the following would be considered positive (healthy) in terms of assessing for cardiovascular risk |
High HDL |
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Atherosclerosis develops over time and is characterized as a/an __________ process; CRP is used as an index of this process. |
Inflammatory Disease |
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Which of the following biochemical tests is used to assess a diabetics’ long-term blood glucose control? |
Hemoglobin A1C |
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Which form of diabetes mellitus is most common? |
Type II |
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If a dietary TG is composed of all one class of fatty acid, which of the following would likely be solid at room temperature |
Long Chain Saturated Fatty Acids |
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Trans fatty acids are typically formed via |
Hydrogenation |
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Why are alpha-linoleic acid and linolenic acid essential? |
Not produced by the body |
