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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following would NOT be recommended in the dietary regime of a hypoglycemic for appropriate meal planning?
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body weight, low glycemic index, carb counting, small meals a day,
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Which of the following statements describes the glycemic "index" of foods?
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The ability of a food to raise blood glucose levels compared to standard white bread
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Which of the following would be the most important factor in determining the risk of a person developing Type 2 diabetes?
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Visceral obesity
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Of the following choices, which cells contain the most receptors for removing low-density lipoproteins from the circulation?
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liver cells
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Which of the following would be a Risk Equivalent that would Modify LDL Goals?
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Diabetes, LDLs above 100, HDLs below 45
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Which of the following would be a daily goal for dietary cholesterol?
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< 300 mg/day
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If the diet is lacking an essential amino acid, what will be the course of action?
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Can’t make proteins
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Which of the following is NOT a physical outcome of marasmus?
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skin and bones
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Of the following choices, what would be the most likely explanation for the fatty liver that develops from strictly a protein deficiency?
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Kwashiorkor can’t make VLDLs
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Which of the following is a feature of kwashiorkor?
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Listlessness, apathy, decreased hair pigment, edema = bulging belly and joints, fatty liver
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Which of the following dietary foods has been associated with a greater rise in blood LDL cholesterol levels?
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Dairy, cheese
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Vitamin C would be important to reduce the amount of what?
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Free radicals, ROS, oxidative stress
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Caused when a Type I diabetic eats less food than insulin dose
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hypoglycemia/insulin shock
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Results if β-cell mass in the pancreas decreases
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pancreatic exhaustion
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Results if there is a malfunction in the relay proteins in the cytoplasm
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post receptor defect
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Caused by faulty Liver Receptors
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insulin resistance
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Caused when a Type I diabetic eats more food than insulin dose
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hyperglycemia/ketoacidosis
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Prevents fat breakdown
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insulin,
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Suppresses glucagon secretion
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GLP-1, amylin
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Prevents the release of liver glucose
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insulin
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Stimulates liver glucose release
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glucagon epinephrine
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Helps maintain homeostasis of blood glucose levels during fasting
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glucagon
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Increases beta cell mass
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GLP-1
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Has been shown to decrease blood clotting
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omega 3
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Increases risk of high blood serum levels of LDL
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LC saturated (ACAT pathway) trans fatty acids
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Increased intake could result in increased activity of scavengers
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LC saturated and trans fatty acids omega 6
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A fatty acid that is found high in plants and is considered “heart friendly”
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monounsaturated fatty acids (omega 9) linolenic omega 3
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High levels affect the ACAT pathway in the liver cell
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trans and 14-14 LC fatty acid
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Decreases the amount of LDL receptors in the liver cell membrane.
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LC saturated and trans fatty acids
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Smoking would have the greatest affect on this lipoprotein to increase risk of heart disease
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LDL
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High levels of food intake can cause the liver to make more of these.
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VLDL
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Removes cholesterol from potential plaque
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HDL
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Is removed from circulation by the Receptor Pathway
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LDL
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High levels would be an indication of high triglyceride numbers.
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Chylomicron VLDL
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These lipoproteins are considered temporary, but can become LDL’s
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IDL
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Contains the Apo B-100 identification marker.
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LDL
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Transports Triglycerides from the Liver
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VLDL
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Transports Triglycerides from the Intestines
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Chylomicron
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Converted into LDL
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IDL
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Contains both Apo E & Apo B-100 markers
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VLDL IDL
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This is the largest sized lipoprotein
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Chylomicron
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Homeostasis of this lipoprotein in the blood is regulated by the Liver.
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LDL
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The lipoprotein that is high in protein components
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HDL
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2/3 of this lipoprotein is taken up by the Liver within 6 hours.
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LDL
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Which lipoprotein would liprotein-lipase would help break down?
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Chylomicron VLDL
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