Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Optic Canal
|
communicates with middle cranial fossa
-optic nerve -opthalmic artery |
|
Superior Orbital Fissure
|
communicates with middle cranial fossa
-superior opthalmic vein -V1 branches -CN 3,4,6 |
|
Inferior Orbital Fissure
|
communicates with pterygopalatine fossa
-orbital and zygomatic branches of V2 -Inferior Opthalmic Vein -veins communicating with pterygoid plexus |
|
Supraorbital Notch (foramen)
|
supraorbital artery and nerve
|
|
Infraorbital Groove and Canal
|
infraorbital atery and nerve
|
|
Nasolacrimal Canal
|
-communicates with inferior nasal meatus
-passage of tears to the nose -Nasolacrimal duct |
|
Sebaceous glands that are associated with eyelashes
|
gland of Zeiss
|
|
Modified sweat glands that are associated with eyelashes
|
Ciliary Glands
|
|
dense connective tissue responsible for rigidity of the eyelid
|
tarsal plate
|
|
what two muscles insert on the tarsal plate?
|
levator palpebrae superioris (voluntary)
Superior Tarsal Muscle (involuntary) |
|
tarsal glands secrete?
|
lipid part of tearfilm
|
|
what is the name of the tarsal gland?
|
Meibomian gland
|
|
In Bell's Palsy the eyelid cannot fully close this is caused by paralysis of
|
orbicularis oculi muscle
due to damge of CN VII |
|
Ptosis (drooping of the eyelid) is caused by?
|
1) Levator palpebrae superioris muscle (In myasthenia gravis from damage to CN3)
or 2)Superior Tarasal Muscle (damage to sympathetic nerves- Horners syndrome) |
|
what are the 3 layers of the eye
|
Coats (walls)
Lens Vitreous Body |
|
The outer fibrous layer contains
|
sclera (white)
cornea (transparent) and Corneoscleral junction (limbus) |
|
Vascular layer (Uvea) contains
|
choroid (posterior 5/6)
ciliary body(anterior 1/6) iris(contians the pupil) |
|
Neural layer contains
|
retina
|
|
The ciliary body is made up of
|
ciliary muscles and ciliary process
|
|
Ciliary Process secete
|
aqueous humor
|
|
The ciliary body is made up of
|
-ciliary muscle (III)
-iris has sphincter pupillae and dilator pupillae |
|
when ciliary muscles relax they pull on and flatten the lens allowing the eye to see objects that are?
|
far away (far vision)
|
|
to see closer objects clearly (near vision) the ciliary muscle must
|
contract thereby relaxing the suspensory ligament , in order to thicken the lens (accomodation)
|
|
Aqueous humor drains to the _______ in the iridocorneal junction
|
trabecular meshwork
|
|
aqueous humor drains into trachecular meshwork to exit throug the spaces of fontana and into the
|
schlemm's canal (then the scleral venous system)
|
|
Retina consists of 10 layers an outer ______ and inner ___
|
outer pigmented
inner neural layer |
|
Inner neural layer contains
|
Rods
Cones Bipolar cells Ganglion cells |
|
The optic disc is where the ____ is formed by axons of ganglion cells
|
optic nerve
|
|
Highest concentration of cones is found in
|
Fovea (most acute vision)
|
|
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma caused by
|
decreased excretion of aqueous humor in trabecular meshwork
|
|
what are the extraocular muscles?
|
superior rectus
inferior rectus lateral rectus medial rectus superior oblique inferior oblique levator palpebrae superioris |
|
All EOM insert onto the eyeball except
|
Levetor palpebrae superioris
(inserts on the eyelid) |
|
Test Superior Rectus by:
|
looking laterally and upward
|
|
Test Inferior Rectus by:
|
looking laterally and downwards
|
|
Test lateral rectus by:
|
look laterally
|
|
Test medial rectus by:
|
look medially
|
|
Test inferior oblique by:
|
look medially and upwards
|
|
Test superior oblique by:
|
look medially and downward
|
|
if you damaged the oculomotor nerve what way would the eyeball look
|
lateral and down
|
|
what are the 3 branches of the Opthalmic Nerve (V1)?
|
Nasociliary
Frontal Lacrimal |
|
Lacrimal Nerve receives GVE
|
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers (GVE) from Pterygopalatine ganglion via branch of of zygomatic nerve
|
|
Lacrimal Nerve GSA
|
sensory of the lacrimal gland, conjunctiva, lateral part of upper eyelid
|
|
Frontal Nerve divides into
|
supratrochlear nerve
supraorbital nerve |
|
Front GSA fibers supply
|
sensory to conjunctiva, upper eyelid, parts of forehead and scalp
|
|
what branch of nasociliary nerve carry sympathetic fibers to the dilator pupillae muscle
|
long ciliary nerves
|
|
Branch of nasociliary nerve that branches of ciliary ganglion, carry sympathetic, parasympathetic and GSA fibers
|
short ciliary nerves
|
|
GSA only branches of the Nasociliary nerve
|
Infratrochlear nerve
Anterior Ethmoidal Posterior Ethmoidal Long Ciliary Nerves (fibers to the iris and cornea - cornea reflex) |
|
Signs of Horner's Syndrome
|
Ptosis
Miosis Anhidrosis Enophthalmos |
|
Cornea reflex affarent limb
|
CN 5
|
|
Cornea reflex efferent limb
|
CN 7 (innervate orbicularis oculi)
|
|
Pupillary light reflex afferent limb
|
CN 2
|
|
Pupillary light reflex efferent limb
|
CN 3
|