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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Aldehydes are generally ______ reactive than ketones in nucleophilic addition rxns for both steric and electronic reasons
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more
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Sterically, the presence of only one large substituent bonded to the C=O carbon in an aldehyde versus two large substituents in a ketone means that ....
- Thus, the transition state leading to the tetrahedral intermediate ..... |
- a nucleophile is able to approach an aldehyde more readily
- is less crowded and lower in energyfor an aldehyde than for a ketone |
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Elecronically, aldehydes are more reactive than ketones because ?
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of the greater polarization of aldehyde carbonyl groups
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A primary carbocation is higher in energy and thus more reactive than the a secondary carbocation because ?
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it has only one alkyl group inductively stabilizing the positive charge rather than two
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An aldehyde is ________ electrophilic and _____ reactive than a ketone
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- a bit more
- more |
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Aromatic aldehydes, such as benzaldehyde, are _______ _________ in nucleophilic addition reactions than aliphatic aldehydes.
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are less reactive
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The electron-donating resonance effect of the aromatic ring in a Aromatic aldehydes makes the carbonyl group less ......
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less electrophilic than the carbonyl group of an aliphatic aldehyde
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primary aldehyde (CC) is ..... than a secondary aldehyde (CC)
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Less stable but more reactive
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a secondary aldehyde (CC) is ......... a primary aldehyde (CC)
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More stable but less reactive
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Aromatic aldehydes, such as benaldehyde, are less reactive in ________________ than _____________.
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- nucleophilic addition rxns
- aliphatic aldehydes |
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The electron donating resonance effect of the aromatic ring makes the carbonyl group less ...
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electrophilic than the carbonyl group of an aliphatic aldehyde
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