Organs And Their Systems

A group of similar cells specialized to carry out a particular function.

1. Epithelial

2. Muscular

3. Nervous

4. Connective

It binds, connects and supports parts of the body.

1. Fibrous (loose and dense)

2. Supportive (bone and cartilage)

3. Fluid (blood and lymph)

Specialized cells and a matrix (non- cellular ground substance and protein fibers).

1. Movement of bones or fluids (e.g., blood)

2. Maintain posture and body position.

3. Stabilizing joints.

4. Heat generation (espacially skeletal muscle).

1. Skeletal

2. Smooth

3. Cardiac

Cells called "muscle fibers" and protein fibers.

Transmit and receive external and internal stimuli. (Conducting nerve impulses).

There is one general type with different functions in different locations.

Major cell types are neurons and neuroglia.

It covers body surfaces and lines body cavities for protection, absorption, secretion, excretion and filtration.

1. Simple squamous

2. Stratified Squamous

3. Simple Cubodial

4. Stratified Cubodial

5. Simple Columnar

6. Stratified Columnar

7. Pseudostratified

A tightly packed continuous layer of cells.

A composition of 2 or more types of tissues working together to perform particular functions.

A group of organs that work together to carry out one or more functions.

1. Integumentry

2. Cardiovascular

3. Lymphatic and Immune

4. Digestive

5. Respiratory

6. Urinary

7. Skeletal

8. Muscular

9. Nervous

10. Endocrine

11. Reproductive

1. Protects the body

2. Provides temperature control/ homeostasis

3. Synthesizes vitamin D

4. Receives sensory input via skin

It helps maintain body temperature and protects the body.

1. The epidermis

2. The dermis

3. The subcutaneous layer

1. Converts cholesterol to vitamin D

2. Contains Langerhans cells (macrophages/wbc) that helps fight pathogens... i.e. protects the body

3. Contains melanocytes/ produces melanin to protect from UV.

4. Excretes fluid/sweat to provide temperature homeostasis.

1. Prevents the skin from being torn.

2. Provides sensory feedback (hot, cold, touch, pressure, pain)

3. Houses sweat glands (temp. homeostasis)

1. Provides fat storage for energy and insulation

To bring nutrients to cells and get rid of waste.

1. The heart

2. The blood vessels

- blood is also a component, but is not a main organ within the system.

The ability to maintain a relatively constant internal environment in the body.

A key regulatory mechanism that uses sensors (sensory input) to detect a change in the body's internal environment (i.e. exiting homeostasis)... then regulates the body functions in order to return it to homeostasis.

A mechanism that brings about an increasing change in the same direction as the stimulus. (i.e., childbirth: baby's head pressure against the cervix = more oxytocin production = more/stronger contractions)

1. Nails

2. Hair Follicles

3. Oil glands

4. Sweat glands

Thin outer layer of skin

Thick inner layer of skin.

Later beneath the skin.

Epithelial cells (the uppermost cells are dead and keratinized).

Dense fibrous connective tissue (contains blood heelies, many sensory receptors, and glands).

1. Loose connective tissue

2. Adipose tissue (fat storage)

1. The heart

2. Blood vessels

Bring nutrients to cells and get rid of waste(s).

1. Heart

2. Arteries

3. Arterioles

4. Capillaries

5. Venules

6. Veins... and back to the heart.

Capillaries

To supply the myocardium with oxygen and nutrients.

Thr interior wall of tissue in the heart, consisting of cardiac muscle tissue.

The "working" phase of the cardiac cycle, where all chambers are contracting.

The "resting" phase of the cardiac cycle, when all heart chambers are relaxing.

Nodal tissue that has both muscular and nervous characteristics.

It initiates the heartbeat by sending out an excitation signal every 0.85 seconds.

Microscopic organisms (bacteria, viruses, and protists) found in the environment.

** general term for various micro organisms**

Disease/illness causing bacteria.

Single celled prokaryotes that do not have a nucleus.

Acellular (non cellular), disease causing parasites.

1. Thymus

2. Red bone marrow

3. Lymph nodes

4. Spleen

1. Absorb excess tissue

2. Absorb fats (from small intestines) and transport them to the bloodstream.

3. Produce, maintain and distribute lymphocytes (wbc's).

4. Defend the body against pathogens.

Produces all lymphocytes (and matures B-lymphocytes).

1. Matures T-Lymphocytes

2. Produces hormones

1. Filters the blood

2. Recycles worn out red blood cells.