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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the most common congenital abnormalty of the spine? |
spina bifida |
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what is spina bifida? |
the SPs not fusing properly |
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where is the most frequent site for spina bifida? |
the lumbosacral region - last part of vertebral column to close |
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what causes sspina bifida? |
inadequate intake of foliic acid - b9 |
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what is seen elevating during early stages of pregnancy with spina bifida? |
alpha fetoprotein levels |
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what are the neuroloical deficits that may arise from spina bifida? |
- mild mm imbalances - sensory loss in lower limbs - paraplegia deformities of limbs due to mm imbalances |
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what are the 4 different classifications of spina bifida? |
occulta with meningocele with meningomyelocele with myelocele |
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which is the most common form of spina bifida? |
occulta |
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what percentage of population does occulta occur in? |
10% |
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what might it look like? |
dimple, hairy patch (fauns beard) or pigmented area in the low back |
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what is spina bifida with meningocele? |
meninges may extrude through defect in neural arches - spinal cord remains in canal |
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what is in the meningocele? |
it is covered with normal skin, containss CSF and some nerve roots |
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is there any neurological deficit with meningocele? |
little to none detectable at birth - may develop during spinal growth |
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what is spina bifida with meningomyelocele? |
where the spinal cord and nerve roots are involved and may eithher lie free within the sac or constitute part of its wall |
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what happens to overlying mms with meningomyelocele? |
deficient |
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what does the skin look like? |
thin and traslucent |
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are there neurological deficits with meningomyelocele? what occurs? |
very serious - hydrocephalus |
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what is hydrocephalus? |
an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the cerevral ventricles causing enlarement of the skull and compression of the brain |
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what may hhappen to the body due to hydrocephalus? |
- varying degress of paralysis - bowel and bladder incontinence - sensory and motor loss in LE - deformity of LE |
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what is spinal bifida with myelocele? |
skin and duramater fail to close over the neural tube - spinal cord and nerve roots lie completely exposed |
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what does myelocele result in? |
death from infection |
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what treatment can be given in some spina bifida cases? |
- removal of sac - skin coverage - hydrocephalus decompression
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