Pharm Prostaglandin Thromboxane Nsaids

A 57-year old patient complains that he gets severe shortness of breath whenever he takes aspirin for a headache. Increased levels of which of the following is most likely to be responsible, in part, for some cases of aspirin hypersensitivity?
a. prostacyclin
b. thromboxane
c. prostaglandin E2
d. leukotriene LTC4
e. PGF2alpha


(2006exam3)

The following statements are true for prostacyclin EXCEPT:

a.is a powerful vasodilator
b.inhibits platelet aggregation
c.has a very short half-life
d.can produce 3-fold greater bronchoconstriction than histamine
e.can inhibit uterine tone


(2006exam3)

NSAIDs generally have the ability to decrease synthesis of the following compounds:

a.PGE2, PGI2, LTD4
b.PGE2, PGI2, TXA2
c.PGE2, LTD4, TXA2
d.PGE2, PGI2, TXA2, LTD4
e.arachidonic acid, PGE2, PGI2, TXA2


(2006exam3)

Rofecoxib and Valdecoxib were removed from the market because:
a.they increased the risk of GI bleeding ulcers
b.they increased the risk of MI and stroke
c.they increased the risk of both ulcers and CV events
d.they were too expensive and provided no advantage over other drugs with the same mechanism of action
e.they increased the risk of renal failure in the elderly

(2006exam3)

The daily dose of aspirin that is most associated with anti-platelet effects is:

a.75 mg
b.650 mg
c.1,650 mg
d.3-6 gm
e.8-10 gm


(2006exam3)

6. The daily dose of aspirin that is most associated with anti-inflammatory doses is:

a.75 mg
b.325 mg
c.650 mg
d.3-6 gm
e.8-10 gm


(2006exam3)

The following is true concerning COX-2:

a.it is considered the inducible form of cyclooxygenase
b.it is the main cyclooxygenase in platelets
c.it is directly involved in TXA2 production
d.its activation leads to GI toxicity
e.all of the above


(2006exam3)

The following is true concerning prostacyclin:

a.it has vasodilating properties
b.it acts on IP receptors
c.it inhibits platelet aggregation
d.it increases platelet cyclic AMP
e.all of the above


(2006exam3)

The following statement about celecoxib (Celebrex) is FALSE:

a.it is as effective as other NSAIDs in treating hip or knee osteoarthritis
b.it reversibly inhibits the cyclooxygenase enzyme
c.it has no significant renal toxicity
d.it contains a sulfonamide group so patients allergic to sulfonamides can react to it
e.it is effective as an analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agent


(2006exam3)

Production of both PGE2 and LTC4 could be blocked by

a.inhibition of COX-1
b.inhibition of COX-2
c.inhibition of 5-LO
d.inhibition of PLA2
e.both a and b


(2006exam3)

When NSAIDs are administered together with aspirin, the NSAID can negate the beneficial effects of aspirin on platelets.
a.true
b.false


(2006exam3)

A side effect shared by non-selective COX inhibitors with selective COX-2 inhibitors is:

a. alteration in renal function
b. inhibition of platelet aggregation
c. pronounced GI bleeding
d. all of the above
e. none of the above


(2006exam3)

Gastrointestinal complications and peptic ulceration following NSAID administration are the result of:

a.a decrease in the secretion of mucus
b.the acidic nature of NSAIDs producing direct damage to gastric mucosa
c.a decrease in the production of PGI2 and PGE2
d.increased bicarbonate secretion
e.a, b and c


(2006exam3)

The following are true statements about acetaminophen EXCEPT:

a.it is an analgesic and antipyretic, but not an anti-inflammatory agent
b.it can be highly toxic to the liver at doses greater than 4,000 mg
c.at therapeutic doses, it is primarily metabolized by CYP3A4
d.it does not produce an inhibition of platelet aggregation
e.it does not cause GI bleeding or ulcers


(2006exam3)

The following accurately describes acetaminophen toxicity:

a.toxicity is effectively treated with N-acetylcysteine immediately after the overdose
b.toxicity is increased by CYP2E1 metabolism
c.toxicity is effectively treated with IV glutathione
d.a and b
e.all of the above


(2006exam3)

Among NSAIDs, aspirin is unique because it
a.reduces fever, reduces pain, and reduces inflammation
b.reduces the risk of colon cancer
c.selectively inhibits the COX-2 enzyme
d.prevents episodes of gouty arthritis with long-term use
e.irreversibly inhibits its target enzyme

The main advantage of ketorolac over aspirin is that ketorolac
a.can be obtained as an over-the-counter agent
b.does not prolong the bleeding time
c.is available in a parenteral formulation that can be injected
d.is less likely to cause acute renal failure in patients with some preexisting degree of renal impairment
e.all of the above are very important advantages

A 58-year old woman presented with signs and symptoms consistent with an early stage of rheumatoid arthritis. The decision was made to initiate NSAID therapy. Which of the following patient characteristics is a possible reason for the use of celecoxib in the treatment of her arthritis?

a.history of skin rashes with a sulfonamide antibiotic
b.history of sudden onset of bronchospasm after treatment with aspirin
c.history of peptic ulcer disease
d.history of severe migraine headaches
e.both her parents have rheumatoid arthritis

A 17-year old patient complains that he gets severe shortness of breath whenever he takes aspirin for headache. Increased levels of which of the following is more likely to be responsible, in part, for some cases of aspirin hypersensitivity?
a.prostacyclin
b.thromboxane
c.leukotriene LTC4
d.prostaglandin E2
e.PGF2

In comparison to non-selective NSAIDs, the following is true of selective COX-2 inhibitors:
a.their cardiovascular toxicity is very low
b.their inhibition of cyclooxygenase is irreversible, similar to aspirin
c.their renal toxicity is low
d.their GI toxicity is low
e.they are smaller, less bulky compounds

The following statements are true for prostacyclin EXCEPT:
a.is a powerful vasodilator
b.inhibits platelet aggregation
c.is a potent bronchoconstrictor
d.has a very short half-life
e.its mechanism is to activate phosphatidylinosotol metabolism, leading to increased IP3 and intracellular calcium

Gastrointestinal complications and peptic ulceration following NSAID administration is the result of:
a.a decrease in the production of mucus
b.the acidic nature of NSAIDs producing direct damage to gastric mucosa
c.a decrease in the production of PGI2 and PGE2
d.co-administration of misoprostil
e.a, b and c

Toxic doses of acetaminophen result in
a.acute renal failure
b.hepatic necrosis
c.hemorrhaging
d.peptic ulcers
e.all of the above

The following drug can safely be used during pregnancy:
a.aspirin
b.misoprostil
c.meloxicam
d.ibuprofen
e.none of the above

Misoprostil can be administered with a NSAID to decrease:
a.adverse bleeding episodes
b.adverse renal complications
c.adverse GI complications
d.hypersensitivity reactions
e.a, b and c

In addition to their ability to decrease inflammatory prostaglandin synthesis, NSAIDs may owe part of their effects to their ability to
a.inhibit leukocyte migration
b.inhibit leukotriene receptors
c.block IL-1 and TNF receptors
d.all of the above
e.none of the above

Which of the following pairs of drugs and their uses is NOT correct?
a.Alprostadil – corrective agent for impotence
b.Dinoprostone – oxytocic
c.Latanoprost – used topically in ophthalmology
d.Epoprostenol – used to induce abortions
e.misoprostol – cytoprotective

True comparisons of ibuprofen to acetaminophen include:
I. Acetaminophen has less anti-inflammatory activity than ibuprofen.
II. Acetaminophen is contraindicated in children because they are susceptible to Reye’s syndrome.
III. Acetaminophen irritates the gastrointestinal tract more than ibuprofen.
a.I only
b.III only
c.I and II
d.II and III
e.I, II, and III


(2004 exam 3)

Among NSAIDs, aspirin is unique because it
a.reduces fever, reduces pain, and reduces inflammation
b.reduces the risk of colon cancer
c.selectively inhibits the COX-2 enzyme
d.prevents episodes of gouty arthritis with long-term use
e.irreversibly inhibits its target enzyme


(2004 exam 3)

The main advantage of ketorolac over aspirin is that ketorolac
a.can be obtained as an over-the-counter agent
b.does not prolong the bleeding time
c.is available in a parenteral formulation that can be injected
d.is less likely to cause acute renal failure in patients with some preexisting degree of renal impairment
e.all of the above are very important advantages


(2004 exam 3)

A 58-year old woman presented with signs and symptoms consistent with an early stage of rheumatoid arthritis. The decision was made to initiate NSAID therapy. Which of the following patient characteristics is a possible reason for the use of celecoxib in the treatment of her arthritis?
a.history of skin rashes with a sulfonamide antibiotic
b.history of sudden onset of bronchospasm after treatment with aspirin
c.history of peptic ulcer disease
d.history of severe migraine headaches
e.both her parents have rheumatoid arthritis


(2004 exam 3)

Which of the following compounds is most likely to lower circulating levels of leukotrienes?
a.Zafirlukast
b.Zileuton
c.Misoprostil
d.High-dose aspirin
e.Alprostadil


(2004 exam 3)

A 17-year old patient complains that he gets severe shortness of breath whenever he takes aspirin for headache. Increased levels of which of the following is more likely to be responsible, in part, for some cases of aspirin hypersensitivity?
a.prostacyclin
b.thromboxane
c.leukotriene LTC4
d.prostaglandin E2
e.PGF2-alpha


(2004 exam 3)

In comparison to non-selective NSAIDs, the following is true of selective COX-2 inhibitors:
a.their cardiovascular toxicity is very low
b.their inhibition of cyclooxygenase is irreversible, similar to aspirin
c.their renal toxicity is low
d.their GI toxicity is low
e.they are smaller, less bulky compounds


(2004 exam 3)

Inhibition of COX-3 is thought to be the mechanism of analgesic effect of:
a.Tolmetin (Tolectin)
b.Etodolac (Lodine)
c.Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, etc)
d.Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
e.Sulindac (Clinoril)


(2004 exam 3)

Gastrointestinal complications and peptic ulceration following NSAID administration is the result of:
a.a decrease in the production of mucus
b.the acidic nature of NSAIDs producing direct damage to gastric mucosa
c.a decrease in the production of PGI2 and PGE2
d.co-administration of misoprostil
e.a, b and c


(2004 exam 3)

Toxic doses of acetaminophen result in
a.acute renal failure
b.hepatic necrosis
c.hemorrhaging
d.peptic ulcers
e.all of the above


(2004 exam 3)

The following drug can safely be used during pregnancy:
a.aspirin
b.misoprostil
c.meloxicam
d.ibuprofen
e.none of the above


(2004 exam 3)

The dose of aspirin that is associated with anti-inflammatory effects is
a.75 mg
b.325 mg
c.650 mg
d.3-6 gm
e.8-10 gm


(2004 exam 3)

Misoprostil can be administered with a NSAID to decrease:
a.adverse bleeding episodes
b.adverse renal complications
c.adverse GI complications
d.hypersensitivity reactions
e.a, b and c


(2004 exam 3)

the following is true when comparing naproxen to ibuprofen:
I. Naproxen has less anti-inflammatory efficacy than ibuprofen
II. naproxen is contraindicated in children with influenza
III. Both naproxen and ibuprofen are proprionic acids available as OTC products.
a. I only
b. III only
c. I and II
d. I and III
e. I, II, and III


(2005 exam 3)

Rofecoxib and valdecoxib were removed from the market because:
a. they increased the risk of GI ulcers
b. they increased the risk of MI and stroke
c. they increased the risk of both ulcers and CV events
d. they were too expensive and provided no advantage over other drugs with the same mechanism of action
e. they increased the risk of bleeding and hemorrhage


(2005 exam 3)

The following effect seems to be equally produced by both COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors:
a. inhibition of platelet aggregation
b. inhibition of induction of labor
c. severe GI irritation, including forceful vomiting
d. hypersensitivity reactions
e. all of the above


(2005 exam 3)

The following compound is more likely to produce a chemotactic effect than bronchoconstriction:
a. leukotriene D4
b. leukotriene E4
c. leukotriene B4
d. leukotriene C4
e. leukotriene A4


(2005 exam 3)

which of the following analgesics is preferred in patients with mild impairment of renal function?
a. a nonselective NSAID
b. a COX-2 specific inhibitor
c. acetaminophen
d. a and b
e. b and c


(2005 exam 3)

the following can reduce the risk of GI toxicity from nonselective NSAIDs:
a. take the drug at least two hours after a meal
b. take the drug with misoprostol
c. take the drug with a proton pump inhibitor
d. b and c
e. all of the above


(2005 exam 3)

the following is true concerning COX-2:
a. it is considered the constitutive form of COX
b. its activation is mainly pathological
c. it is involved in TXA2 production
d. its activation leads to GI cytoprotection
e. all of the above


(2005 exam 3)

in platelets, TxA2 is formed from ARA using the following enzyme(s):
a. COX-1
b. COX-2
c. thromboxane synthase
d. a and c
e. all of the above

Prostacyclin can produce its effects via:
a. an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP
b. an increase in intracellular Ca2+
c. a decrease in intracellular cyclic AMP
d. a and b
e. b and c

the following is an irreversible inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2:
a. naproxen
b. acetaminophen
c. zafirlukast
d. zileuton
e. aspirin

the following compound can produce bronchoconstriction:
a. leukotriene C4
b. leukotriene D4
c. thromboxane A2
d. a and b
e. all of the above

in treating rheumatoid arthritis, NSAIDs are not effective in
a: relieving inflammation symptoms for more than one month
b. relieving the pain associated with the disease
c. stopping the progression of the disease
d. decreasing PG-induced increases in swelling and edema
e. enabling patients to effectively have joint function

The most common side effect of NSAIDs is related to:
a. GI complications
b. renal complications
c. CV complications
d. allergic reactions
e. respiratory complications

a COX-2/COX-1 ratio of 85 for a drug would likely indicate the following:
a. a nonselective drug
b. a COX-1 selective drug
c. a COX-2 selective drug
d. none of the above

the advantage of inhibitign COX-2 without inhibiting COX-1 would be to:
a. decrease renal complications
b. decrease GI complications
c. increase analgesic efficacy
d. increase antipyretic efficacy
e. all of the above

prostaglandins themselves are usually not used as drugs because
a. they are too long-acting
b. they must be administered IV
c. they have too widespread activities
d. they are too hard to manufacture
e. all of the above

among NSAIDs, aspirin is unique because it
a. reduces the risk of colon CA
b. selectively inhibits COX-1
c. irreversibly inhibits its target enzyme
d. reduces fever, pain and inflammation
e. a, b and c

the following drug could be used in a patient with osteoarthritis who is allergic/hypersensitive to aspirin:
a. ibuprofen
b. nabumetone
c. naproxen
d. low dose aspirin
e. acetaminophen

NSAIDs are frequently involved in drug interactions because of the following property:
a. inhibition of metabolism of cytochrome P4503A4
b. induction fo cytochrome P4503A4
c. weak acids, so neutralize many drugs, thus decreasing absorption
d. high degree of protein binding, resulting in drug displacement
e. none of the above

the only COX-2 selective inhibitor currently on the market in the US is:
a. valdecoxib (bextra)
b. celecoxib (celebrex)
c. roficoxib (vioxx)
d. dontnocoxib
e. none are available any longer

inhibition of the activity of COX-2 is responsible for the following:
a. analgesia
b. antipyretic effect
c. loss of GI cytoprotection
d. inflammation
e. a and b

a relatively safe antipyretic drug with no anti-inflammatory aciton is:
a. indomethacin
b. acetaminophen
c. zafirlukast
d. zileuton
e. diclofenac

the following pair of drugs has equivalent efficacy but very different toxicity:
a. ibuprofen and naproxen
b. ketoprofen and fenoprofen
c. celecoxib and valdecoxib
d. meloxicam and piroxicam
e. sodium salicylate and etanercept

increased concentrations may be responsible, in part, for aspirin hypersensitivity:
a. PGI2
b. LTC4
c. IL-1
d. TNF-alpha
e. c and d

prostaglandins involved in fever production are produced from ARA by:
a. 5-LO
b. COX-1
c. COX-2
d. PLA2
e. TxA2

which of the following is a reversible inhibitor of platelet cyclooxygenase?
a. misoprostol
b. aspirin
c. alprostadil
d. prostacyclin
e. thromboxane A2

which of the following is a component of SRS-A?
a. prostacyclin
b. thromboxane A2 (TxA2)
c. misoprostol
d. leukotriene C4
e. leukotriene A4

which of the following is a leukotriene receptor blocker?
a. aspirin
b. misoprostol
c. zafirlukast
d. zileuton
e. alprostadil

thromboxane can initiate the following response:
a. vasodilatation
b. bronchodilatation
c. platelet aggregation
d. relaxation of uterine smooth muscle
e. all of the above

True or false: a COX-2/COX-1 ratio of 100 would be indicative of a selective COX-2 inhibitor.

True or false: celecoxib (Celebrex) is as efficacious as aspirin in treating RA, but it produces less GI adverse reactions.

lipoxygenase enzyme(s):
a. exogenously are therapeutic in patients with severe asthma
b. are inhibited by drugs that treat ocular neuritis
c. are inhibited by drugs that treat cannabis addiction
d. compete with COX for a single substrate molecule

COX-2 inhibitors differ from nonspecific NSAIDs in their:
a. lack of an antiplatelet effect
b. lack of renal adverse effects
c. lack of severe GI adverse effects
d. a and c
e. all of the above

The IC50 ratio for COX-2/COX-1 is least for:
a. ibuprofen
b. aspirin
c. celecoxib
d. sulindac
e. methotrexate

misoprostol would be administered with an NSAID to decrease:
a. adverse bleeding episodes
b. adverse renal complications
c. adverse GI complications
d. rate of renal elimination of the NSAID
e. all of the above are true

the rationale for creating prodrugs of NSAIDs involves attempts to decrease side effects involving the following system:
a. renal
b. CNS
c. respiratory
d. GI
e. CV

a decrease in the activity caused by which of the following compounds is responsible for the renal complications of NSAIDs:
a. TXA2 and PGE1
b. PGE1 and PGE2
c. PGI2 and TXA2
d. PGI2 and PGE2
e. LTD4 and LTE4

the following drug would likely have the lowest value for the therapeutic index relating anti-inflammatory effect to gastric irritancy:
a. celecoxib
b. rofecoxib
c. valdecoxib
d. naproxen
e. piroxicam

the following objectives are met with NSAIDs in treating OA except:
a. reduction in inflammation
b. relief of pain
c. prevention of irreversible joint destruction
d. a and c
e. b and c

Which of the following compounds could block the effects of increased amounts of leukotrienes in the lung?
a.Aspirin
b.Misoprostol
c.Zafirlukast (Accolate)
d.A corticosteroid
e.Zileuton (Zyflo)

The following is true of celecoxib (Celebrex):
a. CV toxicity is very low
b. inhibition of COX is irreversible
c. renal toxicity is low
d. contains a sulfonamide group so patients allergic to sulfonamides can react to it
e. all of the above


(2005 exam 3)

The following is an advantage of ketorolac over aspirin:
a. it has no effect on bleeding time
b. it can be safely used in patients with an ulcer history
c. it can be safely used in patients with renal failure
d. it does not produce an allergic reaction
e. it is available as an injectable preparation (IM)


(2005 exam 3)

A prostaglandin preparation that is used topically in ophthalmology in patients with wide-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension is:
a. epoprostenol (Flolan)
b. alprostadil (Prostin)
c. dinoprostone (Prepidil)
d. latanoprost (Xalatan)
e. misoprostol (Cytotec)


(2005 exam 3)

GI complications and peptic ulceration following NSAID administration is the result of:
a. a decrease in the production of PGI2 and PGE2
b. the acidic nature of NSAIDs producing direct damage to gastric mucosa
c. a decrease in the production of mucus
d. coadministration of methotrexate
e. a, b and c


(2005 exam 3)

inhibition of COX-3 is speculated to be a mechanism of action for which drug?
a. aspirin
b. piroxicam
c. methotrexate
d. acetaminophen
e. gold compounds


(2005 exam 3)

The following accurately describes acetaminophen toxicity:
a. GI ulceration and hemorrhage is often a consequence
b. toxicity is increased by CYP3A4 inhibition
c. toxicity is decreased by CYP3A4 induction
d. toxicity is effectively treated immediately after overdose with N-acetylcysteine
e. all of the above


(2005 exam 3)

Which of the following medications should be used first in a patient with painful osteoarthritis of the knee?
a. acetaminophen
b. NSAID such as ibuprofen
c. Celecoxib
d. salsalate
e. chondroitin and glucosamine


(2005 exam 3)

Match the following agents and correct statements (not all agents will be used).

Agents:
a. PGE 2
b. cysteinyl leukotrienes
c. TXA2
d. PGE1
e. PGI2

statements:
1. The prostanoid mediator that causes vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation, and bronchoconstriction
2. Montelukast and Zafirlukast are effective because they block receptor sites for this important category of ARA metabolites
3. This prostanoid is marketed with the generic drug name alprostadil and is indicated for sexual impotence
4. High concentrations of this agent can be found in CSF from patients sustaining an infection and this prostanoid mediates fever by acting at specific receptors hypothalamus.

The COX-2 inhibitor that is still on the market in the US is:
a.Valdecoxib
b.Celecoxib
c.Rofecoxib
d.a and b
e.b and c


(2006 quiz 9)

Of the following drugs, the compound with the highest incidence of GI toxicity is:
a.Ibuprofen
b.Naproxen
c.Celecoxib
d.Piroxicam
e.Ketorolac


(2006 quiz 9)

A side effect shared by non-selective COX inhibitors with selective COX-2 inhibitors is:
a.Alteration in renal function
b.Inhibition of platelet aggregation
c.Pronounced GI bleeding
d.All of the above are common to both
e.None of the above are common to both

NSAIDs generally have the ability to decrease synthesis of the following compounds:
a. PGE2, PGI2, TXA2
b. PGE2, PGI2, LTD4
c. PGE2, LTD4, TXA2
d. PGE2, PGI2, TXA2, LTD4
e. ARA, PGE2, PGI2, TXA2


(2003exam3)

The following drug is more of an analgesic and antipyretic drug than an anti-inflammatory drug, and is thought to inhibit COX-3:
a. tolmetin (Tolectin)
b. etodolac (Lodine)
c. ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, etc)
d. acetaminophen (Tylenol)
e. sulindac (Clinoril)


(2003exam3)

In a patient with mild RA and a hypersensitivity to aspirin, the following could be used:
a. enteric-coated aspirin
b. non-acetylated salicylates
c. administer prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) 30 minutes prior to aspirin
d. administer acetaminophen instead of the aspirin
e. all of the above would work


(2003exam3)

The following property is true of NSAIDs except:
a. they can decrease protective effect of renal prostaglandins leading to renal vasoconstriction
b. since NSAIDs are acidic compounds, they contribute to the gastric damage by directly injuring mucosal cells
c. GI complications and peptic ulceration with NSAIDs are partly due to a decrease in gastric mucosal PGE2 and PGI2 production
d. They can protect against the adverse effects of some diuretics
e. adverse GI reactions can be prevented or decreased by coadministration of misoprostol


(2003exam3)

The following could occur in pregnant women receiving NSAIDs:
a. early onset of labor
b. fetal malformations when taken early in pregnancy
c. bleeding complications during labor
d. enhanced effectiveness in alleviating their arthritic symptoms
e. all of the above


(2003exam3)

T/F: arachidonic acid metabolites modulate gene transcription.


(2003exam3)

T/F: arachidonic acid metabolites modulate endocrine function


(2003exam3)

T/F: the major prostanoid produced by vascular tissue is PGE1


(2003exam3)

T/F: anandamide is correctly classified as eicosanoid and produces hypothermia


(2003exam3)

Causes vasodilatation at the site of administration that produces the desired therapeutic effects:
a. dinoprostone
b. alprostadil
c. celecoxib
d. acetyl salicylic acid
e. ibuprofen


(2003exam3)

Inhibits one, while sparing the function of another, COX enzyme group:
a. dinoprostone
b. alprostadil
c. celecoxib
d. acetyl salicylic acid
e. ibuprofen


(2003exam3)

Potentially ulcerogenic because it inhibits both isoforms of COX, though inhibition is reversible:
a. dinoprostone
b. alprostadil
c. celecoxib
d. acetyl salicylic acid
e. ibuprofen


(2003exam3)

T/F: montelukast is a Cys LT1 receptor antagonist


(2003exam3)

In vascular endothelial cells, arachidonate is metabolized by COX enzymes to form predominantly:
a. phospholipase A2
b. PGE2
c. TXA2
c. PGE1
d. PGI2
e. cysteinyl leukotrienes


(2002 exam 3 q20)

The prostanoid mediator that causes vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation and bronchoconstriction:
a. PGE2
b. TXA2
c. PGE1
d. PGI2
e. cysteinyl leukotrienes


(2002 exam 3 q22)

Montelukast and zafirlukast are effective because they block receptor sites for this important category of arachidonic acid metabolites:
a. PGE2
b. TXA2
c. cysteinyl leukotrienes
d. a and b
e. all of the above


(2002 exam 3 q23)

This prostanoid is marketed with the generic drug name alprostadil and is indicated for sexual impotence:
a. PGE2
b. PGF2-alpha
c. PGE1
d. PGI2
e. c and d


(2002 exam 3 q25)

This prostanoid is marketed using the generic drug name dinoprostone and is indicated in near-term pregnancies in order to induce labor:
a. PGE2
b. PGI2
c. PGE1
d. PGF2-alpha
e. PLA2


(2002 exam 3 q26)

High concentrations of this can be found in cerebrospinal fluid from patients sustaining an infection; this prostanoid mediates fever by acting at specific receptors in the hypothalamus:
a. PGI2
b. PGE2
c. PGE1
d. PGF2-alpha
e. PLA2


(2002 exam 3 q28)

Compared with older NSAIDs, celecoxib:
a. is more likely to cause bleeding complications
b. has a lower incidence of endoscopically detected ulcers
c. has a higher tendency to inhibit platelet function
d. is less effective in the management of rheumatoid arthritis
e. all of the above


(2002 exam 3 q30)

The role of prostaglandins in painful inflammation may include:
a. decreased transmission of pain signals in the spinal cord
b. direct stimulation of nociceptors
c. increased sensitivity of nociceptors
d. a and b
e. all of the above


(2002 exam 3 q31)

Which of the following analgesic agents is preferred for a woman with mild pain who is 8 months pregnant?
a. acetaminophen
b. aspirin
c. morphine
d. any COX-2 specific inhibitor
e. ibuprofen

(2002 exam 3 q33)

Which of the following can prevent gastric ulcers induced by long term use of NSAIDs?
a. celecoxib
b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine
d. misoprostol
e. sodium salicylate


(2002 exam 3 q34)

Which of the following analgesics is preferred for short term use by a patient receiving warfarin?
a. piroxicam
b. aspirin
c. naproxen
d. acetaminophen
e. ketoprofen


(2002 exam 3 q38)

Risk factors enhancing the likelihood for serious NSAID toxicity include the following:
a. reduced glomerular filtration rate, as in congestive heart failure
b. reduced blood volume after hemorrhage or dehydration
c. elderly patients receiving diuretic therapy
d. a and b
e. all of the above


(2002 exam 3 q40)

Which of the following is not an appropriate treatment option for mild to moderate pain?
a. naproxen
b. acetaminophen
c. non-acetylated salicylates
d. colchicine
e. ibuprofen


(2002 exam 3 q48)