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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bronchodilators?
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beta agonist: terbutaline, albuterol, salmeterol
muscarinic antagonists: ipratropium methylxanthines: theophylline |
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anti-inflammatory agents
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corticosteroids: beclomethasone, fluticasone, budesonide, prednisone.
leukotriene pathway modifiers: zileuton, zafirlukast, montelukast release inhibitors: cromolyn, nedocromil anti-IgE therapy: omalizumab |
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Sympathomimetics
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beta agonists: short acting: albuterol, terbutaline
long acting: salmeterol |
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Sympathomimetics: Muscarinic antagonist
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slightly less effective than beta agonists. Role in COPD
Ipratropium bromde: selective derivative of atropine |
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Methylxanthines
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mech: adenosine antagonism, relaxes bronchial SM. PDE inhibition, anti-inflammatory
drug: aminophylline |
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Issues with aminophylline
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intx w/ many drugs
side effects: arousal, tremor, tachycardia intxn w/ macrolide antibiotics, can lead to theophylline buildup narrow TI |
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Corticosteroids
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potentiate beta agonist, anti-inflammatory, reduce bronchial reactivity.
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corticosteroids: Mech
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inhibit eos, cytokine production, phospholipase A2 thereby inhibiting prostaglandins and leukotriene synthesis
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corticosteroid drugs
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Inhaled: beclomethasone, fluticasone, budesonide.
Oral: prednisone |
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adverse effects:
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inhaled: cataracts, decrease bone desnity, oral candidiasis
Oral: wt gain, iatrogenic Cushing's, adr suppression |
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Cromolyn and Nedocromil
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Prophylaxis only, no effect on SM
Mech: inhibit Cl channel, reduce Ca in mast cells, inhibit IgE production by B lymphocytes |
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Leukotriene Pathway Inhibitors
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good for aspirin or excercise induced asthma, less effective than corticosteroids. Taken orally.
Mech: inhibit LK synthesis LTC4 and LTD4 cause bronchoconstriction which are inhibited. |
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LT drugs
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Zileuton: 5 lipoxygenase inhibitor
Zafirlukast and montelukast: CysLT1 receptor antagonist (blocks LTC4 and LTD4, LTE4, LTF4) |
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Omalizumab
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anti-IgE antibody, blocks IgE dependant mast cells activation by removing unbound circulating IgE. I.V. or S.C. every 2-4 wks.
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