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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is used for tube feedings?
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sustecal and ensure---- they are nurtionally complete, just add water
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pancreatic enzyme deficiency is caused by what?
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(amylase, protease, lipase) - caused by cystic fibrosis, pancreatitis, pencreatic obstruction
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what vitamins are fat soluble?
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ADEK
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What vitamins should you be weary about for overdose?
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ADEK - fat soluble vitamins are stored in fat -------water sol vit excreted
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uses for vitamin A?
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eye health - seeing in dim light, night blindness ----- skin health,
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What are adverse OD effects of Vit A?
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birth defects, jaundice, skin changes
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Where is vitamin A found?
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Preformed vit A in milk, meat, fish oil--------Provitamin A (beta carotene) in yellow and orange fruits and vegetables, carrots
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Calcium requries this vitamin for proper absorption and metabolism
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Vit D---phosphorous needs it too
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Large doses of Vitamin D may result in
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hypercalcermia
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How much sun exposure is necessary for adequate Vit D absoprtion?
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15-20 min in direct sunlight a few times a week
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What vitamins are antioxidants?
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A C E
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What are antioxidants?
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safely terminate chain of reactions set off by free radcals in body ----- free radicals form when O2 interacts with certain molecules - thus the name
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What does Vit K do?
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requ for synth of prothrombin and clotting factors
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What is used to counter effects of Warfarin?
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Vit K
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Where is Vit K found?
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two forms ---- K1 - in leafy greens ----- K2 - formmed by bacteria in flora of gut
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What is important to ask pt about Vitamin K before admin?
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BLACK BOX WARNING - may cause anaphylaxis
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What vitamin facilitates absoprtion of iron?
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Vit C
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Vit C is required for production of ?
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collagen
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Vit C defiency results in
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N/V cramping
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Vit B1,2,3 aka - Vit B12 aka - Vit B6 aka
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1 - thiamine -------2 - riboflavin ------- 3- niacin --------- 12 - cyanobalamin -------- 6- pyridoxine
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Which vitamin is effective in reducing cholesterol levels?
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Vit B 1 - niacin
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Vit B3 deficiency results in
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pellagra (rough skin), CNS symptoms of irritability, insomnia, memory loss, and soreness of tongue
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What is pellagra?
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rough skin - result of Vit B3 niacin deficiency
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Large doses of Vit B3 results in
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flushing, dizziness
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This vitamin is useful in preventing migraines
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400 mg a day of Vit B2 Riboflavin
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Deficienct of Vit B2 results in
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angular cheilitis, sore throat
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This vitamin is essential for carb metabolism
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Vit B1 - thiamin
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Deficiency of Vit B3 results in
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Beriberi - two types ----- wet - fluid accumulation in legs and cardiovasc symp ------ dry - neuro motor and sensitvity defects
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What is beriberi?
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Beriberi - two types ----- wet - fluid accumulation in legs and cardiovasc symp ------ dry - neuro motor and sensitvity defects
cuased by Vit B3 niacin deficiency |
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This vitamin is necessary for amino acid and protein metabolism
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Vit B6 - pyridoxine
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This may prevent absorption of pyridoxine
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isoniazid prevents absorption of vit B 6 - pyridoxine
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This vitamin is essental for synthesis of DNA synthesis
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Cyanobalamin (vit B 12) - also folic acid
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This vitamin facilitates conversion of folic acid into active form
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Cyanobalamin (vit B 12
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Vit B 12 is often prescribed for this
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pernicious anemia
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What is necessary for Vit B12 absoprtion?
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intrinsic factor - secreted by stomach parietal cells
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why does it take years to develop Vit B 12 deficiency?
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very slow elimination
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What is a sign of Vit B 12 deficient?
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beefy red tongue
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A patient receiving iron therapy is experiencing black stools. IS THIS NORMAL!? she exclaim. How would you respond.
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black stools will result from iron therapy
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What should you do when a patient is receiving iron therapy for the first time?
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check for anaphylaxis by doing a test dosage ------- IV - wait 15 min after test dose before admin rest of meds ------- IM - wait 1 hr after test dose to admin rest of meds
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A patient is taking antibiotics and other supplements while on iron therapy. What must you warn for interactions?
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antacids and tetracycline decreases absoprtion
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What should you recommend to patient regarding iron therapy to prevent symptoms?
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constipation cna be counteracted with inc fluids and fiber
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What are functions of potassium?
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conduction of impulses and musc contractin ------ transport of glucose into cells -------- formation of glycogen----- synth of muscle proteins
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What is used to treat hyperkalemia?
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KCl
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What are symptoms of hypermagnesemia?
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depressed tendon reflexes
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Patient has iron overload. How is it treated?
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orally - Deferasirox ------ parenteral - Deferoxamine for acute Iron intoxication ----- both are iron chelating agents
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Patient with reddish brown urine is probably taking what?
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Deferoxamine - an iron chelating agent for acute iron intoxication
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What is penicillamine Cuprimine?
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chelates cupper, zing, mercury and lead
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what woudl you use for children's lead poisioning? in adults?
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children ---- succimer -------------- adults ---- penicillamine cuprimine
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