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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Why does the Meditator need to doubt his present opinions?
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The Meditator needs to doubt to sweep away his foundations and principles of knowledge, so that he can reconstruct it on more certain grounds
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What is the Dream Argument?
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The Dream Argument suggests the possibility of universal dreaming - that although there is waking experience, we can never know which moments are dreams and which are awake.
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What is the Evil Demon Argument?
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Suggests that all we know is false, as we could be deceived by an all-powerful Evil Demon. As a result, we cannot place any trust in our senses.
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What is the one thing that is certain?
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Our existence - the cogito - is the one thing that is certain. We cannot doubt the cogito, because to doubt is to think, and to think is to exist.
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What is the Wax Argument?
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The Wax Argument shows that we can still identify a piece of wax despite its changing qualities because we understand it with our minds rather than identify it with our senses. It proves that the mind is a better tool for "knowing" than the senses are.
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What do the senses perceive?
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A disconnected jumble of information
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What does the intellect do with the information perceived by the senses?
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The intellect helps us understand the information perceived by the senses.
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The Meditator is certain he is a thinking thing because he ______ and ______ perceived this fact.
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Clearly and distinctly
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The Meditator cannot be certain unless all __________ and __________ perceptions can be certain
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Clear and distinct
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What conclusion can be drawn from clear and distinct perceptions?
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Clear and distinct perceptions must be true.
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To assure himself that he is not deceived, what must the Meditator do?
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To assure himself that he is not deceived, the Meditator must inquire into the nature of God.
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What are the two different types of thoughts?
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Ideas, and volitions / emotions / judgments towards the those ideas.
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What are the three sources of ideas?
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1) Innate - we are born with them
2) Adventitious - coming from our sensory perceptions 3) Invented - we made them up |