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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Metaphysics
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-study of the physical
-what does it mean to be human? Are people basically physical? intellectual? psychological? spiritual? Are humans good/evil? 2 subcategories: ontology and cosmology |
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Epistemology
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-concerned with knowledge
-What is the nature of knowledge? How do we know what we know? What authority is our knowledge based? Does one come to know best from personal sensation, experience, intuition, feelings, memorizaiton? |
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Axiology
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What is of greatest value?
What is good, right, moral conduct? What is beautiful? Are ther ecertain universal moral principals? Is morality relative? Why is something beautiful? 2 subcategories: Ethics Aesthetics |
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Ontology
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subcategory of metaphysics
what is the nature of existence or "to be"? (human existence) |
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Cosmology
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subcategory of metaphysics
What is the origin of the universe? |
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Ethics
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the study of morality and right conduct
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Aesthetics
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the study of beauty/art
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General ideas held in Greek education
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Universal Principals - "perfect ideas"
Know thyself through rationality Prepare for citizenship and role in society Liberal education |
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Greece on the right or left?
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Still on the right although more liberal than China and Egypt.
Experimented with democracy and loosened up a bit. |
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Roman education general ideas
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Use rhetoric in service of self and state
Recognized individual talents and differences Civic responsibility, administrative, and military skills Practical education - liberal arts |
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Metaphysics, Epist.., and Axiology of Rome
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Meta - fit into order, service of state
Epist - practical needs of empire Axiology - public orator, servant, preserve empire |
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Roman education goals
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Began to recognize individual talents; use to increase manpower and empire
-took from Greeks and added their own to create 7 liberal arts Forced to study wide range of material |
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Trivium
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grammar, rhetoric, logic
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Quadtrivium
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arithmetic, geometry, music, astronomy
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Liberal education
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for the individual; not the state
modern view |
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Scholasticism
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late revival of learning after decline
-religious philosophy; use both faith and reason to know (more faith than reason) -led by priests in monasteries -leads to creation of universities (Paris, Bologna, Oxford, Cambridge) -Theology - King of all studies Aquinas |
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Renaissance men
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Michaelangelo; Lorenzo de Medicci, Columbus, Rafael, Da Vinci
-very religious but emphasized literary not dogma |
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Humanism
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Renaissance view
-reason and greatness of men -rejected scholasticism and renewed interest in classic Greek and Latin -interest in earthly experience |
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Renaissance features
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wealthy boys educated
doctrines of courtesy - manners, grace, dignity -well rounded, liberally educated |
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Desiderius Erasmus
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Renaissance leading classical scholar of the period
-education should begin as early as possible Teachers should be gentle and teach character development -use conversation in teaching literature (still done today) |
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Religious Reformation
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Martin Luther
-abuses of Catholic Church - sale of indulgences -Luther post 95 theses -free from papal authority; people should learn to read Bible for themselves (if only priests can read = open for abuse); vernacular schools, primary schools -resulted in huge changes in education |
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School Code of Wurtenburg
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primary vernacular school in ever village
-reading, writing, arithmetic, religion, music -gymansiums = high school (training in Greek and Latin; higher texts written in these) -schooling to advance Protestant cause -teachers carefully supervised |
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Gutenburg Bible
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invention of printing press changed education; could get word or works out faster and allowed more people to learn how to read (Protestant Reformation key!)
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Incanabula
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something printed before 1500
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Old Deluder Satan Act
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first public support of education
-very first time tax payers had to pay for education of all children -towns of 50 or more had to hire reading/writing teacher -towns of 100 or more had to have a Latin teacher for boys |
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New England Education
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Educated for 3 purposes:
1. Religious (avoid Satan) 2. Obedience (to religious leaders and laws) 3. Industriousness (punctuality, hard work, honesty) |
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Middle Colonies
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NY, NJ, Delaware, PA
-religious and culturally pluralistic -more laid back than NE -privately taught by parents or religious communities |
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Southern colonies
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-private tutors for children on plantations
-wealthy sent to Europe for college |
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Northwest Ordinance of 1785
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-how townships were divided
-1 mile squares -section 16 of every block was devoted to education (1 room schoolhouse) KSU - land grant college (section 16) |
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Common School
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-Horace Mann was a big advocate; got people to support schools with tax money
learn Protestant values -reading writing and arithmetic -open free of charge |
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"Kill the Indian, save the man"
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remove Indian culture and make them American
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Deculterization
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get rid of native views on economics, family structure, gender roles, child rearing, sexual attitudes, and government
Americanize them |
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W.E.B Du Bois
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education of African Americans:
-no compromise with whites. AA should have same education and social and political rights. Founded the NAACP |
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Booker T. Washington
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compromised with whites and promoted segregated industrial education, good work, and moral habits
-willing to work with reality in face of the Jim Crow south Founded the Tuskegee Institute |
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Plessy v. Ferguson
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1896 Supreme court case - "separate but equal"
-if you had any AA heritage you had to ride on blac RR car. Plessy didn't do this -case that said segrated schools were constitutional |
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Gaines v. Missouri
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1938 - no law school for blacks in Missouri
-Gaines sews and eventually is allowed in |
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Sweatt v. Painter, 1950
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Texas Law school - wants to go to law school at Texas; Texas stalls and builds an inferior law school for blacks...doesn't work
-allowed in |
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Brown v. Topeka
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-5 cases throughout the US challenging K-12 segregated schools (1954)
-Houston; trained lawyers to chip away at separate but equal -overturned Plessy |
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De Jure vs. De facto Education
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De jure - by law
-by law segregation was ended but.. nothing changed De facto - the way things actually are Brown II (1955) -required all schools to desegregate with all deliberate speed |
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Emmitt Till
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-black boy killed in south for saying "hey baby" to a white woman
-open casket; publicly showed treatment of blacks in the south |
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Little Rock Nine
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nine AA students allowed into Central HIgh school; huge riots
State troops kept blacks out Federal troops had to be brought in to allow them in safely |
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Jenkins v. Missouri
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1977
-district court in KC MO White flight - whites moved out of KC MO -suit against state b/c state had caused a system of racial segregation in the schools by the way it financed schools -led to magnet schools |
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Missouri v. Jenkins
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-1995
-Jenkins v. Missouri was legally flawed b/c of how it financed the project |
