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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Antiseptic
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Solution used to clean skin before venipuncture
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Disinfectant
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Solution containing an agent intended to kill microorganisms
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Sharps
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Any sharp object; goes in sharps container
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Tourniquet
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Device applied to a limb prior to venipuncture to restrict venous flow
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Gauges
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Standard for measuring diameter of needle’s lumen
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Re-sheathing
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To recap or replace the sheath on a needle
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ETS
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Evacuated tube system- closed system in which blood flows directly into collection tube through needle
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Barrel
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Cylindrical body of syringe with gradual marks in either ml or cc
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Plunger
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Rodlike device that fits tightly into barrel
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Blood transfer device
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Syringe transfer device- safely transfers blood from syringe into ETS tubes
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Hub
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End that attaches to blood collection device
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Shaft
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Long, cylindrical portion
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Bevel
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End that pierces skin
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Lumen
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Internal space of needle
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Rubber sleeve
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Sleeve that covers smaller needle inside the tube holder
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ECHO (details)
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EDTA- prevents coag by binding to calcium
Citrate- prevents coag by binding to calcium Heparin- prevents clotting by inhibiting thrombin formation Oxalates-Prevents clotting by precipitating calcium |
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Antiglycolytic agent
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Additive category that inhibits glucose metabolism by blood cells
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Clot activator
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Substance that enhances coagulation factors
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Thixotropin gel
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Inert substance that forms a physical barrier between cells and liquid potions of a specimen when centrifuged
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Cross contamination
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Transfer of additives from one tube to another
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Requisition
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Form on which test orders are entered and sent to the lab
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3-way ID
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Verbal ID statement, check ID band, visual comparison of labeled specimen
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Fasting
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No food or drink except water for 12 hours
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Anchoring
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To secure firmly, as in holing a vein in place by pulling the skin tightly with thumb
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Hospice
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Type of care for patients who are terminally ill
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Basal sate
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Resting metabolism state of the body in the morning after fasting for min. 12 hours
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Jaundice
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Abnormal deep yellow color, increase in biliruben levels
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Syncope
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Medical term for fainting
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Petechiae
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Tiny, nonraised red spots that appear on skin when tourniquet is applied
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Hematoma
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Caused by blood leaking into tissues during or following venipuncture; rapid swelling
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Infection
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Invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganism resulting in disease
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Reflux
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Back flow of blood from tube to vein
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Anticoagulant
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Substance that prevents blood from clotting
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PKU
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Phenylketonuria- genetic disorder characterized by defect in the enzyme that breaks down amino acid tyrosine
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Autologous
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Your own blood; person donates their own blood for own use
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FUO
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Fever of unknown origin- blood cultures help determine presence and extent of infection, organism responsible and antibiotic to which is most susceptible
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Bacteremia
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Bacteria in the blood
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Septicemia
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Microorganisms or toxins in blood
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Aerobic
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With air
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Anaerobic
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Without air
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Post Prandial
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PP- After meal
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GTT
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Glucose tolerance test- Used to diagnose carbohydrate metabolic problems
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Hyperglycemia
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High blood glucose
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Hypoglycemia
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Low blood glucose
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TDM
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Therapeutic drug monitoring- testing of drug levels at specific times
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Peak
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Maximum level, must not exceed toxic levels
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Trough
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Minimum level, must remain within therapeutic range
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ETOH
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Ethanol- Blood alcohol level
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ABG
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Arterial blood gasses- Radial artery, Brachial artery, Femoral artery
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Accession number
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Unique number generated when test request is entered into computer
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Aerosol
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A fine mist of specimen
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Aliquot
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Portion of specimen used for testing
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Bar code
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Parallel array of alternating spaced black bars and white spaces representing a code
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Central processing
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Screening and prioritizing area where specimens are received and prepared for testing
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Mnemonic
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Memory aiding code or abbreviation
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Password
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A secret code that identifies a person and allows them to become a system user
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QNS
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Quantity not sufficient
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Sclerosed
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Hardening
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List 3 blood collection systems
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Multisample- vacutainer
Syringe- hypodermic Winged infusion- Butterfly |
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What is the significant of vacuum within tubes?
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Negative pressure is premeasured so the tube draw volume will be precise.
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What is a short draw?
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Removing the tube before vacuum is exhausted resulting in an under filled tube
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Why might a syringe draw be done instead of an ETS?
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Elderly patients or for collapsed veins; you control pressure- be able to pull blood out of vein
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What is a syringe transfer device
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Allows safe transfer of blood into tubes without using syringe needle or removing tube stopper
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Why are trace element tubes used? And what tube color are they?
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Made of materials that are free of trace elements. Used for element test, toxicology study, and nutrient determination. Dark blue tubes
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What is the difference between a manual and computer requisition?
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Manuel- three part form serves as request, report, and billing form; used as backup for computer failure
Computer- contains labels that are placed on specimen tubes after collection. Contains patient’s ID, test status info, indicate type of tube, and additional notes. |
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List 2 signs or bands on or near a patient phlebotomists should be aware of
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Infection control precaution signs, signs that prohibits blood drawing from particular arm
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What is the difference of identification of an outpatient and inpatient?
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Inpatient- Full name, date of birth, MRN on ID band
Outpatient- Full name, date of birth (proof of ID), req form, and lab labels |
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How do you ID an ER patient
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3 part identification band
First part becomes patient ID band Second part is attached to specimen Third part used if patient needs transfusion |
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Why is it important to find out if a patient is sensitive to latex?
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Exposure to latex can trigger life-threatening reactions. Make use all equipment is latex free
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What are concentric circles?
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Circles with common center. Starts in center and moves outward
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What is the needle insertion, using a butterfly
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10 Degree angle
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How do you get blood from a syringe to collection tubes?
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Syringe transfer device
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How many attempts does a phlebotomist have, when drawing blood
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Twice
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List 3 challenges when drawing blood a geriatric patient.
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Skin changes, hearing and vision problems, mobility issues, mental and emotional conditions
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List 3 ways to prevent an infection from a venipuncture
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Don’t open tape prior, do not touch site with figure after cleaned, don’t wait too long between antiseptic and puncture
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Write 3 ways nerve injury can occur?
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Insertion of needle too deeply or quickly, excessive lateral redirection of needle, blind probing
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List 3 ways vein damage can be prevented?
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Don’t draw from same site
Don’t blind probe Don’t use improper technique when redirecting |
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List 4 trouble-shooting skills during a venipuncture
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Anchor, change tubes, back needle out a little, feel above site w/non dominate figure for vein
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Capillary blood is a mixture of?
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Arterial, venous, and capillary blood, interstitial fluid, intracellular fluid
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List 5 types of urine specimens
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Random- Collection at any time
Timed- First morning/ 8 hour, tolerance test, 24- hour, double urine |
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List 3 arteries
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Radial artery, brachial artery, femoral artery
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What does POCT stand for and what benefits does it offer?
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Point of care testing- Portable testing device; convenience to patient, short turnaround time
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What is the most common size needle?
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21- Green
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