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92 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
constant velocity
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net force is zero and acceleration is zero
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weight
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newtons
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weight
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mass x acceleration
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mass
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is not weight
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vectors
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velocity, displacement, momentum, force, and acceleration
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joules
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energy
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scalar quantities
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speed, distance, time and energy
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acceleration
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slope of the velocity-time graph
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unbalanced net force
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must produce acceleration
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velocity
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slope of the distance-time graph
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equilibrant vector
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equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the resultant vector
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momentum
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mass x velocity
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a
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m/sec²
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F
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kg x m/sec²
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work
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Fd
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joule
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kg x m²/sec²
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gravitational potential energy
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increases as height increases
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kinetic energy
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changes only if velocity changes
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joules/sec
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unit for power
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steam and liquid water molecules
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at 100 degrees have equal kinetic energy
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absolute zero
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-273 degrees Kelvin
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-273 degrees Kelvin
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is equal to zero degrees Celsius
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temperature
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measures the average kinetic energy of the molecules
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phase changes
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due to potential energy changes
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internal energy
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always flows from an object at higher temperature to one of lower temperature
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sound waves
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longitudinal and mechanical
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Slows down, bends toward the normal and has a shorter wavelength
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What happens to light when it enters a higher value medium
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normal
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All angles in wave problems are measured to the?
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blue light
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has more energy
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red light
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blue light has a shorter wavelength and a higher frequency than?
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electromagnetic spectrum
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1. Radio
2. Infrared 3. Visible 4. Ultraviolet x-ray 5. Gamma |
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light waves
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Are transverse
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3.0 x 10⁸ m/sec in vacuum
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speed of all types of electromagnetic waves?
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amplitude of sound wave
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determines its volume
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Doppler Effect
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Wave source moving toward you will generate waves with a shorter wavelength and higher frequency
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its wavelength decreases
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as the frequency of a wave increases
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transverse wave particles
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vibrate perpendicular to the wave direction
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radio waves
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electromagnetic and travel at speed of light
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real images
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can be shown on a screen and are always inverted
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virtual images
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are always upright
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frequency
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As light waves bend away from the normal, this remains constant?
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light rays
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Bend away from the normal as they gain speed and a longer wavelength by entering a slower medium
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coulomb
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Is charge?
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amp
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Is current?
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amp
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coulomb/sec
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volt
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potential difference
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volt
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joule/coulomb
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short fat cold wires
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make the best conductors
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1.6 x 10^-19 coulombs
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charge of electrons and protons
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electrons and protons
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have equal amounts of charge
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decreases total resistance of a circuit
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adding a resistor in parallel?
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increases total resistance of a circuit
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adding a resistor in series?
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equal current
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all resistors in series have?
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equal voltage
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all resistors in parallel have?
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insulators
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contain no free electrons
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potential energy
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stored energy
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kinetic energy
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energy of an object due to motion
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law of conservation of energy
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energy can be neither created nor destroyed
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elastic collision
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kinetic energy doesn't change
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inelastic collision
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kinetic energy decreases
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heat
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energy that flows between two objects as a result of a difference in temperature
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temperature
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the "hotness" of an object as measured using a specific scale
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kelvin
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interval on a scale that is equal to the size of one Celsius degree
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absolute zero
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-273 C
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specific heat
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amount of energy that must be added to the material to raise the temperature of a unit mass one temperature unit
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buoyant force
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upward force exerted on an object immersed in fluid
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Bernoulli's Principle
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As the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by that fluid decreases
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Archimedes' Principle
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An object immersed in a fluid has an upward force on it equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object
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transverse wave
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vibrates perpendicular to the direction of wave motion
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longitudinal wave
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vibrates parallel to the direction of wave motion
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frequency
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number of complete oscillations a wave makes each second
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amplitude
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maximum distance an object moves from equilibrium in any periodic motion
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wavelength
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shortest distance between points where the wave pattern repeats itself
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light
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electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from 400 to 700 nm
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sound level
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a logarithmic scale that measures amplitude in decibels
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refraction
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change in the direction of waves crossing a boundary between two different media
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law of reflection
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states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection
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diffraction
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bending of waves around a barrier
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Doppler Effect
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Frequency is higher when the vehicle is moving toward you, then it suddenly drops to a lower pitch as the source moves away
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primary colors
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red, green, and blue
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secondary colors
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yellow, cyan, and magenta
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concave mirror
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reflects light from its inner surface
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convex mirror
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reflects light from its outer surface
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convex lens
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is thicker at the center than at the edges
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concave lens
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is thinner in the middle than at the edges
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real image
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rays actually converge and pass through the image
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virtual image
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rays do not actually converge on that point
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ampere
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base SI unit of current; one coulomb per second
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resistance
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ratio of the voltage across a device to the current through it
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coulomb
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SI unit of electrical charge
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series circuit
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current passes through each device, one after another
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parallel circuit
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Several current paths, whose total current equals the sum of the currents in its branches
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