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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
device that accepts input, processes data, stores data and produces output
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computer
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whatever is typed, submitted, or transmitted to a computer system
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computer input
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symbols that represent facts, objects, and ideas
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data
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the way a computer manipulates data
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processing
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the 'brain' of the computer where most of the processing takes place
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central processing unit (CPU)
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the program a computer uses to complete a specified task
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software
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software that helps a computer control itself to operate efficiently and to keep track of data
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operating system
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helps users apply the computer to specific tasks, such as writing documents and editing photos
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application software
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an area of the computer that temporarily holds data waiting to be processed, sotred, or output (volatile)
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memory
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the area of a computer where data can be left on a permanent basis when it is not in use for processing
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storage
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results produced by a computer
ex: reports, documents, music |
computer output
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displays, prints, or transmits the results of processing
ex: printers, speakers, etc |
output device
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computers connecting to one another
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network
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depends on a centrally located computer for processing and storage - easy to control, manage, and secure because the hardware is in one place
ex: mainframe |
centralized computer network
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spreads the processing and storage tasks among many computers - difficult to manage and secure because the location of files, resources, and machines are dispursed
ex: internet |
distributed computer network
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refers to a microcomputer and all the input, output, and storage devices connected to it
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personal computer system (PC)
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main circuit boards, CPU, power, storage, etc
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system unit
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monitor or screen used to view what is going on in the computer
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display device
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primary input device
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keyboard
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input device used to manipulate on-screen objects
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mouse
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hard disk dirve, floppy disk drive, CD/DVD drive, tape drive
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storage devices
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used to establish internet connection using a telephone line
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modem
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output device that produces computer generated text or graphics on paper
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printer
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designed for connecting a computer to a local area network
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network card
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circuit board that houses all of the essential chips and provides connections between them
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motherboard (mainboard)
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super-thin slice of semi-conducting material packed with microscopic circuit elements - plugs into the motherboard
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integrated circuit (chip)
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works with distinct and separate data
1 and 0 only on or off like a light switch |
digital device
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works with continuous data
1=00110000 controls a range like a dimmer switch |
analog device
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used by computers to digitally represent numbers, letters, puctuation marks, etc. - has only 2 digits - 1 and 0
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binary digits (bits)
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name the three major components of a computer
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processor, memory, and storage
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the place where programs and data are kept until needed
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storage
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the place where a program gets moved to from storage when it is started
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memory (volatile)
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an integrated circuit designed to process instructions - performs the same tasks as a CPU but is very small
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microprocessor
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temporary holding area for data, application programs, instructions, and the operating system - "waiting room" - requires power to hold data - loses all data when power is removed
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random access memory (RAM)
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memory circuitry that holds the computers start up routine - permanent and non-volatile - remains in place even when the power is removed - cannot be changed
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read only memory (ROM)
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instructs computer on how to access the hard disk, find operating system and load it into RAM
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ROM BIOS (basic input/output system)
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stores data on removable floppy disks - good for portability but bad for speed
1.44 MB |
floppy disk drive
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main storage device in most systems - lots of storage, fast access to files, economical
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hard disk drive
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data is stored on magnetic tape - medium storage/slow speed
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tape drive
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laser light reads data stored on plastic coated discs
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CD drive/ DVD drive
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writable drive can store data by changing dye colour on disk - permanent
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(R) recordable
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uses crystal stucture which can be changed - can be repeated many times
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(RW) re-writable
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storage device that plugs directly into a USB port - works the same as the hard disk, but is small, portable, and durable
also includes to as flash cards or memory cards |
USB flash drive
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name 5 categories of computers
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handheld (PDA)
microcomputer (PC) minicomputer mainframe (centralized) supercomputer |
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Intel Pentium 4 32-bit processor 2.8 GHz
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processor
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512 MB 400 MHz (max. 2GB)
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amount of memory (RAM)
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80 GB HD (5400 rpm)
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hard disk drive
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56 Kbps
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modem
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100 Mbps
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network card
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3.5 1.44 MB
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floppy disk drive
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