Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is the definition of psychology?
|
study of behavioral and mental processes
|
|
what are the goals of psychology?
|
describe,explain,predict,and control behavior and mental processes
|
|
what is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist?
|
a psychologist can aid the patient and preform psychotherapy and has a PHD but is not a medical doctor so cannot give out medicine, and a psychiatrist has a md and can treat and give the patient meds and preform ECT
|
|
what are the roots of psychology?
|
aristotle-wrote a book on psychology called Peri Psyches
in 4oo BCE Democritus-think of behavior in terms of body and mind Socrates- "know thyself" through ones emotion and not senses. humans are social creature Gustav Fechner- "elements of Psychophysics"showed how physical events related to sensation and perception |
|
who is Wilhelm Wundt?
|
he made the first psychological laboratory, andused introspection to discover the basic elements of experience.
|
|
who is william james?
|
he focused on the relation between conscience experience and behavior. school of fuctionalism
|
|
Who is John Watson?
|
the founder of Americam behaviorism.
|
|
Who is B F Skinner
|
used animals to explain the theory of reinforcement
|
|
who is Margaret Washburn?
|
the first woman to recive a PHD in psychology. wrote a book called The Animal Mind containing views on behaviorism
|
|
who is Kenneth Clark?
|
they played important roles in desegregation and the education of AAs
|
|
What is the scientific method?
|
an organized way of using experience and testing ideas in order to expand and refine knowledge.
|
|
what is a dependent variable?
|
a measure of an assumed effect of an independent variable
|
|
what is an independent variable?
|
a condition in a scientific study that is manipulatedso that its effects can be observed
|
|
what are correlations?
|
relationships among variables
|
|
what is instinctive behavior?
|
pattern of behavior that is triggered in a specific situation
|
|
what is nature vs nurture?
|
psychology term related to whether heredity or the environment most impacts human psychological development
|
|
What are genes?
|
basic units of heredity found on a chromosome
|
|
what are chromosomes?
|
rod shaped body in the cell nucleus carrying genes that transmit hereditary traits from generation to generation
|
|
what is the central nervous sysytem?
|
consists of the brain and spinal chord
|
|
what are neurons?
|
cells that can be visualized as having branches, trunks , and roots and recieve messages
|
|
what is myelin?
|
insulates the axon from electrically charged atoms
|
|
what is a synapse?
|
a junction that relays messages from one nueron to another
|
|
what are neurotransmitters?
|
chemical subs involved in the transmission of neural impulses from one neuron to another
|
|
what are dendrites?
|
rootlike structures attatched to the cell body of a neuron that recieve impulses from other neurons
|
|
what is the medulla?
|
an oblong area of the hindbrain involvewd in regulation of heartbeat and respiration
|
|
what is the hypothalamus?
|
a bundle of nuclei below the thalamus involved in body temp, motivation and emotion
|
|
what is the occipital lobe?
|
the lobe that lies behind and below the parietal lobe and behind the temporal lobe
|
|
what is assimilation?
|
responding to a new stimulus through a reflex or existing habit
|
|
what is accomodation
|
the creation of new ways of responding to objects or looking at the world
|
|
what is object permanence?
|
recognition that objects removed from sight still exist
|
|
what is preconventional moral development?
|
a period which moral judgment is based off expectation of rewards or punishments
|
|
what is conventional moral development?
|
period where moral judgements largely reflect social conventions
|
|
what is post conventional moral development?
|
focuses on dilemmas in which individual needs are pitted against the need to maintain social order
|
|
who was Ainsworth?
|
she defined attatchment
|
|
what is attatchment?
|
the emotional tie that is formed between one living object and another living object
|