Psychology Ch 11

One person, alone in a house, dismisses its creaking sounds and experiences no stress; someone else suspects an intruder and becomes alarmed. These different reactions illustrate the importance of:

fight or flight. stress appraisal. catharsis. the general adaptation syndrome.

The fight-or-flight response is associated with the release of ________ into the bloodstream.

serotonin. carcinogens. lymphocytes. epinephrine

Alarm, resistance, and exhaustion characterize the phases of:

the fight-or-flight response. the tend-and-befriend response. the general adaptation syndrome. the immune response.

One of the important agents of the immune system is:

serotonin. the heart. the adrenal gland. the macrophage.

Compared with monkeys left in stable groups, those who were housed with three or four new roommates each month were more likely to experience:

the tend-and-befriend response. reduced blood cholesterol levels. weaker immune system responses. a decrease in norepinephrine.

Ben is a self-employed accountant who works overtime during the first two weeks of April to finish his clients' tax forms before the filing deadline. During this time, Ben is most likely to show a(n):

elevated blood cholesterol level. reduction in blood pressure. reduction in blood sugar levels. increased release of lymphocytes.

Type A personality is to Type B personality as ________ is to ________.

epinephrine; norepinephrine. obesity; cancer.time-conscious; competitive. irritable; calm.

Luciano believes that the best way to get over the anger he feels toward his high school teacher is to scream shameful profanities while hitting a punching bag. Luciano is most clearly advocating the value of:

the general adaptation syndrome. the Type D personality. catharsis. acculturative stress.

Kathy alleviated the stress of breaking up with her boyfriend in two ways. She avoided contact with her ex-boyfriend and she planned recreational activities with her best girlfriend. Kathy's behavior best illustrates:

mindfulness meditation. an external locus of control. a Type B personality. emotion-focused coping.

In research studies, dogs that were able to escape electric shocks experienced:

emotion-focused coping. personal control. biofeedback. an external locus of control.

Marcy believes that the outcome of athletic contests depends so much on luck that it hardly pays to put any effort into her own athletic training. Her belief most clearly illustrates:

the Type A personality. the faith factor. problem-focused coping. an external locus of control.

Although she is intelligent, Abigail believes that her low grades in school are reflections of her own intellectual incompetence. Her conclusion best illustrates:

problem-focused coping. an internal locus of control. the adaptation-level phenomenon. a pessimistic outlook.

Mindfulness meditation involves attending to our moment-to-moment experiences in a manner that is:

aimless. humble. nonjudgmental. emotionally arousing.

It has been suggested that a stable worldview may contribute to the stress protection associated with:

an external locus of control. biofeedback. religious involvement. a Type A personality.

After receiving exciting news about the birth of a healthy grandson, Mr. Haney was easily persuaded to contribute a generous sum of money to a neighborhood church. This best illustrates:

an external locus of control. the adaptation-level phenomenon. biofeedback. the feel-good, do-good phenomenon.

People's moment-to-moment positive moods tend to be highest near the ________ hours of their waking day and their moment-to-moment negative moods tend to be highest near the ________ hours of their waking day.

later; earlier. middle; later. later; middle. early; middle

Professor Crane was ecstatic when he learned that his research study had been approved for publication. His feelings of joy quickly dissipated, however, when he heard a colleague recently had three different research articles accepted for publication. His declining emotional satisfaction is best explained in terms of:

a happiness set point. relative deprivation. the experience of flow. the adaptation-level phenomenon.

In response to stress, ________ release(s) stress hormones into the bloodstream.

lymphocytes the stomach NK cells the adrenal glands

The second phase of the general adaptation syndrome is characterized by:

resistance. exhaustion. an alarm reaction. low blood pressure

Providing and seeking support from others during times of stress best illustrates:

the fight-or-flight response. the tend-and-befriend response. the Type A personality. catharsis.

Professor Huang is researching the effect of stress appraisal on lymphocyte activity. Her work best illustrates the specialty area of:

evolutionary psychology. psychoneuroimmunology. clinical psychology. cognitive psychology.

B lymphocytes mature in the:

adrenal gland. brainstem. liver. bone marrow.

Who is the best example of a Type A personality?

Bonnie, a relaxed, fun-loving professor. Susan, a brilliant, self-confident accountant. Clay, a reflective, open-minded artist. Andre, a competitive, easily angered journalist.

Compared with Type B personalities, Type A people are more likely to experience:

low blood sugar levels. coronary heart disease. low blood pressure. increased release of lymphocytes.

People tend to use emotion-focused coping rather than problem-focused coping when they:

believe they cannot change a stressful situation. appraise a stressful event as a challenge rather than a threat. are dealing with strangers rather than people they know. are in a good mood.

Kayla has been abused by her husband for years. Feeling that she cannot escape her situation, she has become increasingly depressed and hopelessly resigned to her suffering. Her reaction best illustrates:

an internal locus of control. the Type B personality. learned helplessness. problem-focused coping.

Prisoners allowed to move their furniture and adjust their lighting feel less stress. This best illustrates the value of:

mindfulness. aerobic exercise. perceived control. an external locus of control.

The passive resignation of learned helplessness is most likely to be associated with:

a Type B personality. problem-focused coping. an external locus of control. the faith factor.

Practicing ________ has been observed to reduce temporarily the sugar and brain energy needed for mental focus.

stress appraisal. optimism. self-control. mindfulness meditation.

The best way to increase the production of serotonin is to:

avoid emotion-focused coping. develop an external locus of control. engage in aerobic exercise. receive training in meditation.

Meyer Friedman and his colleagues used ________ to help Type A heart attack survivors reduce their risk of future attacks.

oxytocin. relaxation. relative deprivation. biofeedback

Compared with their less happy peers, the happiest 20-year-olds are subsequently ________ likely to marry and ________ likely to divorce.

less; less. more; more. less; more. more; less

A celebrity actress experiences ever-increasing levels of professional acclaim following each successful movie role. Yet with each success, she experiences no more than a temporary surge of subjective well-being. This is best explained in terms of:

relative deprivation. an internal locus of control. the do-good, feel-good phenomenon. the adaptation-level phenomenon.

A general sense of happiness or life satisfaction is most unrelated to whether people:

sleep well. are young or old. have a happy marriage. have an active religious faith.