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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Motivation |
The urge to move toward one's goals |
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Needs |
Biological states of deficiency that compel drives |
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Drives |
Perceived state of tension that occurs when our bodies are deficient in some need |
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Incentives |
Objects or events that motivate behavior |
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Evolutionary model |
The purpose of any living organism is to perpetuate itself Major motives all include basic survival and reproduction needs |
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Drive reduction model |
Behaviour is driven by the need to balance physiological systems Homestasis |
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Hierarchal model |
Maslow Most basic need: physiological Highest needs: psychological |
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Lateral hypothalamus |
stimulates feeding |
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Ventromedial hypothalamus |
inhibits feeding |
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Feeding stimulants |
NPY, orexin, ghrelin, melanin and endocannabinoids |
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Feeding inhibitors |
Insulin, leptin, PYY and CCK |
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Why do we have sex? |
To propagate our species For pleasure |
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Sexual behaviour |
Actions that produce arousal and increase likelihood of orgasm |
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Four phases of sexual responce |
Excitement Plateau Orgasm Resolution |
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Androgens |
Testosterone Castration reduces sex drive Injections can restore it Lesions of the medial preoptic hypothalamus abolish sexual behaviour |
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Progestogens&Estrogens |
Progesterone&Estradiol Ovariectomy abolish sex drive in nonhumans Lesions of the ventromedial hypothalamus abolish sexual behaviour Human females are less dependant on E/P |
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Meta-analysis |
Men have more positive attitudes for casual sex |
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Emotion |
Brief, acute changes in conscious experience and physiology Responce to a personally meaningful situation |
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Moods |
Affective states Operate in background consciousness Tend to last longer than emotions |
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Affective traits |
Stable predispositions towards certain types of emotional responses such as anger |
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Basic emotions |
emotions independent of other people |
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Self-conscious emotions |
Emotions triggered by our relationships with others |
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Broaden and build model |
Positive emotions widen cognitive perspectives and help us acquire life skills |
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Emotional process |
Antecedent event Appraisal Emotional responce Changes in physiology |
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Appraisal |
Evaluation of an event for relevance to one's own welfare Can be automatic |
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Regulation of emotion |
Cognitive behavioural efforts people use to modify their emotions |
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Components of emotional responce |
Physiological changes (ANS) Behavioural-expressive changes (FACS) Subjective changes in emotion |
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James-Lange theory |
Physiological changes produce the subjective emotional experience |
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Cannon-Bard theory |
Emotional sensory stimuli travel to the thalamus and get divided into physical and emotional changes |
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Two factor theory |
Emotion is determined by physical arousal and cognitive awareness |
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Detecting deception |
Polygraph Brain fingerprint (EEG) Behavioural responce |
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Facial expression of emotion |
Culturally relative Universal |
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Yerkes-Dodson law |
The principle that moderate levels of arousal lead to optimal performance |
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Self actualization |
The inherent drive to realize one's full potential |
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Expressive-suppression |
A response focused strategy for regulating emotions that involves the deliberate attempt to inhibit outward manifestation of emotion |
