Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
191 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A grade III ACL sprain most commonly occurs during what movements of the knee? |
Hyperflexion, rapid decleration, hyperextension or landing in an unbalanced position. |
|
Have significantly higher ACL injury rates compared to their counterparts. |
Females involved in athletic activities. |
|
Approximately two-thirds of complete ACL tears have an associated ________________. |
meniscal tear |
|
The peak incidence of ACL injury occurs between ____________________ years of age. |
14-29 |
|
Systemic condition characterized by inflammation of the spine and the larger peripheral joints. |
Ankylosing spondylitis |
|
_________ are at 2-3 times greater risk with peak onset observed between _______________ years of age for Ankylosing spondylitis. |
Males; 20-40 |
|
Clinical presentation of ankylosing spondylitis: |
initially includes recurrent and insidious onset of back pain, morning stiffness, and impaired spinal extension. |
|
A person born with histocompatibility antigen HLA-B27 is at high risk for what disease? |
Ankylosing Spondylitis |
|
____________ are at higher risk of ALS and usually occurs between ___________________ years of age. |
Males; 40-70 |
|
Clinical presentation of ALS: |
May include both upper and lower motor neuron involvement with weakness occurring in a distal to proximal progression. |
|
Average course of the diagnosis of ALS is _______________ years with 20-30% of patients surviving longer than 5 years. |
2-5 years |
|
Ankylosing spondylitis progresses slowly over _________________ year period and may remain isolated to the spine and SI joint or spread to larger peripheral joints. |
15-25 |
|
Adhesive capsulitis occurs in the middle-aged population with _________________ having a greater incidence. |
females |
|
______________ can assist with diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis by detecting decreased volume of fluid within the joint capsule. |
Arthrogram |
|
Adhesive capuslitis presents with: |
range of motion restriction typically in a capsular pattern (lateral rotation, abduction, medial rotation) |
|
Primary vs secondary adhesive capsulitis: |
Primary = insidious onset Secondary = from trauma or underlying condition |
|
Spontaneous recovery of adhesive capsulitis is said to take _______________ months in duration. |
12-24 |
|
Patients electing to have ACL surgery can expect to return to their previous functional level in _______________________. |
four to six months |
|
Physical therapy for adhesive capsulitis is usually prescribed on an outpatient basis for _______________________ after diagnosis. |
3-5 months |
|
An achilles tendon rupture typically occurs within ____________________ above the tendinous insertion on the calcaneous. |
1-2 inches |
|
Incidence of an achilles tendon rupture is greatest between __________________ years of age without history of cal or heel pain. |
30-50 |
|
Patients with an Achilles tendon rupture will typically be unable to stand on their toes and tend to exhibit a positive: |
Thompson Test |
|
What is the likely outcome of a course in PT for achilles tendon rupture: |
An unremarkable recovery, patient should return to previous LOF within 6-7 months. |
|
Characterized by the narrowing of arterial vessels that impedes the delivery of oxygenated blood to tissues. |
Arterial insufficiency ulcer |
|
Typically linked to the devlopment of arterial insufficiency ulcers. |
Peripheral artery disease |
|
Risk factors for arterial insufficiency ulcers: |
atherosclerosis, hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and smoking |
|
Arterial insufficiency ulcers typically heal by ______________________ with adequate blood supply and wound healing interventions. |
secondary intention |
|
Characteritics of arterial insufficiency ulcers: |
dorsum of foot, lateral malleolus and toes; defined edges; painful; minimal exudate; most pain occurring when limb is in non-dependent position; absent or diminshed pulse. |
|
An ABI of _____________ or less is indicative of moderate arterial blockage, increasing the likelihood of ulcer development |
0.79 |
|
Characteristics of venous insufficiency ulcer: |
shallow, irregular edges; moderate to heavy exudate; min to mod pain in dependent position relieved with elevation; hemosiderin staining; pulse present but also edema present |
|
Increased incidence of bicipital tendonitis is associated with selected athletic activities such as: |
baseball pitching, swimming, rowing, gymnastics, and tennis |
|
Characterized by subjective reports of a deep ache directly in front and on top of the shoulder made worse with overhead activities or lifting. |
Bicipital tendonitis |
|
Examination for bicipital tendonitis may reveal a positive test for: |
Yergason's or Speed's Test |
|
Most patients with bicipital tendonitis are successful with conservative treatment and are able to return to their activities after an average of __________________ of PT and rehab. |
6-8 weeks |
|
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome incidence is higher in _______________ with the most common age being from ________________ years of age. |
females; 35-55 |
|
Carpal tunnel syndrome may result in muscle atrophy that is often noted in the __________________ and later in the ____________ muscles. |
abductor pollicis brevis; thenar |
|
Can be used to assist with confirming the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome: |
Electromyography sudies, Tinel's sign, Phalen's test |
|
PT should improve a patient's symptoms from carpal tunnel syndrome in ____________________ weeks; if surgical intervention is needed, rehab may last ___________________. |
4-6 weeks; 6-8 weeks |
|
Typically affects the distal lower extremities and is characterized by venous incompetence and resultant venous hypertension |
Chronic venous insufficiency |
|
Symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency include: |
edema, feelings of heaviness, and dull, aching pain in the distal lower extremities, though itching and tingling sensations may also occur. |
|
Symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency generally improve and may resolve fully with _______________, however, reappear once dependent positioning is resumed. |
elevation |
|
Frequently occurs when an indivdual reaches forward with their hands while attempting to break a fall; characterized by a transverse fracture of the distal radius. |
Colles' Fracture |
|
Trauma related to a Colles' Fracture is commonly termed: |
FOOSH injury (Fall on outstretched hand) |
|
Preferred method of confirming Colles' Fracture and identifying displaced fragments or damage to adjacent bony structures. |
X-ray of the wrist |
|
Occurs when the right ventricle is unable to effectively pump blood due to the prolonged presence of pulmonary hypertension and increased right ventricular afterload. |
Cor pulmonale |
|
Initially, symptoms of cor pulmonale are primarily associated with underlying pulmonary pathology; as the condition advances, symptoms may include: |
peripheral pitting edema and jugular vein distention |
|
Cor pulmonale is most commonly diagnosed by means of: |
clinical findings, medical history, echocardiogram, laboratory tests, chest x-ray, and electrocardiography |
|
A specific form of inflammatory bowel disease in which the lining of the Gi tract becomes abnormally inflamed. |
Crohn's Disease |
|
Symptoms of Crohn's disease range from mild to significantly life-threatening. Symptoms may develop gradually or rapidly and typically include: |
abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, blood in the stool, GI tract ulcers, diminished appetite, and weight loss |
|
Results from diminished myocardial perfusion, most commonly caused by narrowing of one or more of the coronary arteries (due to embolism, atherosclerosis, inflammation) |
Angina Pectoris |
|
Angina pectoris is often described as: |
an uncomfortable or painful feeling of tightness, pressure, fullness, or squeezing in the center of the chest. |
|
Cauda Equina syndrome is considered to be a ____________________ and results from damage and loss of function involving two or more nerves of the cauda equina. |
peripheral nerve injury |
|
Cauda equina syndrome may result from compression on the cauda equina nerve roots, including: |
spinal structure pathology, trauma, infectious conditions, tumor or iatrogenic factors. |
|
A noncontagious bacterial skin infection occurring in the dermal and subcutaneous tissue. |
Cellulitis |
|
Cellulitis typically presents with visible signs of inflammation including: |
localized redness, warmth, tenderness, and edema that progressively worsens |
|
Occurs as a result of athersclerotic plaque buildup within the coronary arteries; develops slowly, often going unnoticed for years before producing symtptoms. |
Coronary artery disease (CAD) |
|
Risk factors for CAD include: |
hypertension, diabetes, obesity, chronic kidney disease, elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and a family history of the condition |
|
____________ cerebral palsy involves upper motor neuron damage; ______________ cerebral palsy involves damage to the cerebellum, cerebellar pathways or both |
Spastic; athetoid |
|
Clinical presentation includes motor delays, abdnormal muscle tone and motor control, reflex abnormalities, poor postural control and balance impairments. |
Cerebral Palsy |
|
Present in 50-60% of children diagnosed with cerebral palsy. |
Mental retardation and epilepsy |
|
The most common causative factor of cerebral palsy |
Prenatal cerebral hypoxia |
|
Two main types of CVA: |
Ischemic and hemorrhagic |
|
Left side CVA may present with: |
weakness or paralysis to the right side, imapired processing, heightened frustration, aphasia, dysphagia, and motor apraxia |
|
Right side CVA may present with: |
weakness or paralysis to the left side, poor attention span, impaired awareness and judgment, spatial deficits, memory deficits, emotional lability, and impulsive behavior. |
|
73% of patients sustaining a stroke are greater than __________ years old. |
65 |
|
The first ___________ months after a stroke typically reveals the most measurable neurological recovery and is usually a good indicator of long-term outcome. Research indicates that a patient can continue to improve the control of movement and show progress for an average of ________________ post CVA. |
3 months; 2-3 years |
|
Common etiologies contributing to CHF: |
arrhythmia, pulmonary embolism, hypertension, valvular heart disease, myocarditis, unstable angina, renal failure, and severe anemia |
|
______________ heart failure is generally associated with signs of pulmonary venous congestion; ___________________ heart failure is associated with signs of systemic venous congestion. |
Left-sided; Right-Sided |
|
Diminished cardiac output from CHF causes compensatory changes including: |
an increase in blood volume, cardiac filling pressure, heart rate, and cardiac muscle mass |
|
There is a median survival rate of _______________ for males and ____________ for females after a diagnosis of CHF. |
3.2 years; 5.4 years |
|
Causes the exocrine glands to overproduce thick mucus which causes subsequent obstruction |
Cystic Fibrosis |
|
Autosomal recessive genetic disorder located on the long arm of chromosome 7 |
Cystic Fibrosis |
|
The most common cause of death for Cystic Fibrosis is __________________-- |
Respiratory failure |
|
CF is the most common lethal genetic disorder affecting ___________________ children in the US. |
Caucasian |
|
Sole diagnostic tool for CF: |
The quantitative pilocarpine iontophoresis sweat test (result of >60 mEq/l of sodium and chloride) |
|
Caused by the weakening of joints that allows for forward slippage of one vertebral segment on the one below due to degenerative changes |
Degenerative spondylolisthesis |
|
Most common site of degenerative spondylolisthesis |
L4-L5 |
|
May be indicated for degenerative spondylolisthesis |
William's flexion exercises to strengthen the abdominals and reduce lumbar lordosis |
|
Degenerative spondylolisthesis usually affects individuals over ___________ years of age and is more common with _______________________ and _______________. |
50; African Americans; Women |
|
Characterized by an inappropriate cellular response to insulin, preventing adequate absorption of blood glucose; excess blood glucose results in a persistent hyperglycemic state |
Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2) |
|
Type 2 DM may develop slowly prior to showing initial symptoms that can include: |
polydipsia, polyuria, blurred vision, delayed healing, frequent infections, and acantosis nigricans |
|
Patients with a family history of Type 2 DM, who are over ____ years of age or who are of _________________ descent are at increased risk for development. |
45; African, Asian, Hispanic, American Indian |
|
A random blood glucose measure of __________ or higher is suggestive of DM. Fasting blood glucose measures of greater than _____________ is considered to be indicative of DM. |
200 mg/dL; 125 mg/dL |
|
Type 2 DM accounts for greater than _____ of all DM cases diagnosed. |
90% |
|
GH - anterior dislocation typically invloves a forceful external blow or loading force when the shoulder is in a position that combines: |
abduction, lateral rotation, extension |
|
Most common form of hyperactive thyroid disorder and is the result of an autoimmune attack on the thyroid gland causing overproduction of the hormone thyroxine (T4) |
Graves' Disease |
|
General complaints from Graves' disease: |
heat intolerance, increased appetite, increased sweating, frequent bowel movements, physical fatigue, weakness, tremor, weight loss and insomnia |
|
Graves' disease management typically responds well to pharmacological intervention that regulates ________ hormone production. |
T4 |
|
A condition in which blood pressure is persistently elevated; measured as systolic blood pressure greater than 140 mm Hg and diastolic greater than 90 mm Hg |
Hypertension |
|
Symptoms of hypertension may not be recognized until blood pressure becomes dangerously high producing: |
a headache, confusion, visual changes, fatigue, arrhythmia or tinnitus |
|
Graves' disease is most prevalent in _________ over ________ years of age. |
women; 20 |
|
Results from abnormally high levels of cortisol which may occur due to endogenous overproduction of cortisol or excessive exogenous use of corticosteroids. |
Cushing's syndrome |
|
May be diagnosed by laboratory analysis of cortisol levels in urine, saliva or blood |
Cushing's syndrome |
|
Typically present with hallmark physical signs including weight gain, purple striae, a ruddy complexion, moon face and buffalo hump |
Cushing's syndrome |
|
There is a significantly greater prevalence of Cushing's syndrome among ___________ with the onset of symptoms between _________________ years of age. |
women; 25-40 |
|
Refers to the abnormal movement of partially digested solids, liquids, and gastric acid from the stomach into the esophagus. |
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) |
|
Considered a complex form of arthritis resulting from an abnormally high uric acid level (hyperuricemia) in the body. |
Gout |
|
Gout has a greater prevalence among ______________ with the ____________________________________ being the most commonly affected joints; may present as a chronic condition or a series of acute attacks. |
males; great toe, knee, and ankle |
|
Identification of uric acid crystals in synovial fluid, collected via synovial biopsy, may be used to confirm the diagnosis of: |
Gout |
|
Responsible for outbreaks of "chickenpox" in children and herpes zoster ("shingles") in adults |
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) |
|
Symptoms typically begin with a unilateral painful itching or burning sensation caused by the virus' initial attack on the nerve fibers. |
Herpes Zoster, "Shingles" |
|
Insulin is functionally absent due to the destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas; where the insulin would normally be produced |
Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1) |
|
Form of diabetes mellitus that starts in children ages four years or older, with the peak incidence of onset coinciding with early adolescence and puberty. |
Type 1 |
|
Common symptoms of DM type 1: |
polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, nausea, weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, and dehydration |
|
This form of DM is significantly linkked to a person's lifestyle, weight, and age. |
Type 2 |
|
Clinical manifestations of Down Syndrome: |
hypotonia, flattened nasal bridge, Simian line (palmar crease), epicanthal folds, enlargement of the tongue, and developmental delay |
|
Detection of Down syndrome occurs in approximately _________% of women tested that are carrying a baby with Down Syndrome. |
60-70% |
|
Trisomy 21 |
Down Syndrome |
|
X-linked recessive trait manifesting in only male offspring while female offspring become carriers |
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy |
|
Clinical presentation of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: |
waddling gait, proximal muscle weakness, toe walking, pseudohypertrophy of the calf, and difficulty climbing stairs |
|
Method of getting up from floor for individuals with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: |
Gowers' Maneuver |
|
There is usually a rapid progression of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy with the inability to ambulated by ________ years of age with death occurring as _________________. |
10-12; as a teenager or less frequently int he 20s |
|
Death from Duchenne muscular dystrophy usually occurs primarily from __________________ complications. |
cardiopulmonary |
|
Results from a long history of chronic bronchitis, recurrent alveolar inflammation or from genetic predisposition of a congenital alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency |
Emphysema |
|
Clinical presentation of emphysema: |
barrel chest appearance, increased subcostal angle, rounded shoulders secondary to tight pectorals, and rosy skin coloring |
|
Symptoms of emphysema worsen with the progression of the disease and include a persistent ________, ________________, difficulty ______________________________, and an increased ______________________. |
cough, wheezing, difficulty breathing especially with expiration, and an increased respiration rate |
|
Emphysema results from a non-reversible injury and destruction of elastin protein within the _________________. |
alveolar walls |
|
Nonarticular rheumatic condition with pain caused by tender points within muscles, tendons, and ligaments. |
Fibromyalgia Syndrome |
|
Fibromyalgia Syndrome has a greater incidence in ________________(almost 75% of the cases) potentially affecting any age. |
females |
|
Fibromyalgia presents with a widespread history of pain that exists in all four quadrants of the body, axial pain is present, and there is pain in at least ____ of the 18 standardized "tender point" sites. |
11 |
|
Exercise with a patient with fibromyalgia syndrome: |
Should not work through pain. Requre exercise sessions initially (3-5 minutes) due to a low tolerance for exertion. |
|
Burn causes immediate cellular and tissue death and subsequent vascular destruction; eschar forms from necrotic cells and creates a dry and hard layer that requires debridement; absent sensation and pain due to destruction of free nerve endings, however, there may be pain from adjacent areas that experience less severe burns. |
Full-Thickness Burn |
|
During the initial states of a full thickness burn, the patient will experience: |
thermoregulation impairment, shortness of breath, electrolyte distrubances, poor urine output, and variation in level of consciousness |
|
Results in motor weakness in a distal to proximal progression, sensory impairment, and possible respiratory paralysis. |
Guillain-Barre Syndrome |
|
Etiology of this disease is unknown, however, it is hypothesized to be an autoimmune response to a previous respiratory infection, influenza, immunization or surgery. |
Guillain-Barre Syndrome |
|
Primary risk factors for contracting HIV include: |
unprotected sexual relations, intravenous drug use or mother to fetus transmission |
|
Patients with HIV may be "symptom free" for ______________ post infection or may exhibit flu-like symptoms including rash and fever |
1-2 years |
|
Leading cause of death for patients with HIV |
kidney failure secondary to the extended drug therapies |
|
Typically occurs due to significant inversion and involves the lateral ligament complex of the ankle. |
Lateral Ankle Sprain |
|
Most commonly damaged ligament with a lateral ankle sprain |
Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) |
|
A lateral ankle sprain - grade II should heal fairly quickly if no other structures are involved and will return to the previous functional level within __________________. |
2-6 weeks |
|
Characterized by inflammation or degenerative changes at the common extensor tendon of the wrist. |
Lateral epicondylitis "tennis elbow" |
|
Repeated overuse of the wrist extensors, particularly the _____________________ can produce tensile stress and result in microscopic tearing and damge to the extensor tendon resulting in lateral epicondylitis. |
Extensor carpi radialis brevis |
|
Clinical symptoms of lateral epicondylitis |
difficulty holding or gripping objects and insufficient forearm functional strength |
|
Return to previous level of function following MCL sprain - grade II should occur within ______________________ following the injury if no other associated structures are involved. |
4-8 weeks |
|
There are multiple subtypes of Guillain-Barre Syndrome, but the classic type involves acute onset of symptoms with peak impairment within ________________, followed by a __________________________ static period and gradual recovery that can take ______________________. |
4 weeks; 2-4 weeks; months to years
|
|
Special test for anterior talofibular ligament (lateral ankle sprain) |
Anterior drawer test |
|
Chronic progressive genetic disorder that is fatal within 15-20 years after clinical manifestation. |
Huntington's Disease |
|
Huntington's disease is characterized by degeneration and atrophy of the __________________ (specifically the __________________) and cerebral cortex within the brain |
Basal ganglia; striatum |
|
Clinical presentation of Huntington's disease: |
enlarged ventricles secondary to atrophy of the basal ganglia; mental deterioration, speech disturbances, and ataxic gait |
|
Huntington's disease is genetically transmitted as an __________________________________ trait with the defect linked to chromosome four and to the gene identified as IT-15. |
autosomal dominant |
|
The average age to develop symptoms of Huntington's disease |
35-55 years old |
|
Autoimmune disorder found in children less than 16 yeras of age that occurs when the immune cells mistakenly begin to attack the joints and organs causing local and systemic effects throughout the body. |
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis |
|
________ have a higher incidence of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and are most commonly diagnosed as toddlers or in early adolescence. |
Girls |
|
Clinical symptoms of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: |
persistent joint swelling, pain, and stiffness |
|
Characterized by demyelination of the myelin sheaths that surround nerves within the brain and spinal cord resulting in plaque development, decreased nerve conduction velocity, and eventual failure of impulse transmission. |
Multiple Sclerosis |
|
Clinical symptoms of multiple sclerosis may include: |
visual problems, paresthesias, sensory changes, clumsiness, weakness, ataxia, balance dysfunction, and fatigue. |
|
Intervention for multiple sclerosis: |
regulation of activity level, relaxation and energy conservation techniques, normalization of tone, balance activities, gait training, and core stabilization |
|
The incidence of multiple sclerosis is higher in ________________ between the ages of ____________________ and is nearly twice as common in ________________. |
caucasians; 20-35 years old; women |
|
Most common subtype of multiple sclerosis: |
Relapsing-Remmitting MS |
|
Factors that influence exacerbations with MS include: |
heat, stress, infection, trauma and pregnancy |
|
Occurs when there is poor coronary artery perfusion, ischemia, and subsequent necrosis of the cardiac tissue usually due to thrombus, arterial blockage or atherosclerosis. |
Myocardial infarction |
|
Risk factors for myocardial infarction: |
patient or family history of heart disease, smoking, physical inactivity, stress, hypertension, elevated cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, and obesity |
|
Occurs most frequently in the diabetic population and are often referred to as diabetic ulcers. |
Neuropathic ulcer |
|
For neuropathic ulcers, exudate is typically _________________, pain is typically ________________ and surrounding tissue is ____________________ |
minimal, minimal, shiny dry and inelastic |
|
Degenerative process primarily involving articular cartilage resulting from excessive loading of a healthy joint or normal loading of an abnormal joint |
Osteoarthritis |
|
Osteoarthritis is typically more common among ________ later in life with approximately 80-90% of individuals older than 65 years of age. |
women |
|
Metabolic bone disorder where the rate of bone resorption accelerates while the rate of bone formation slows down (osteoclast > osteoblast) |
Osteoporosis |
|
Most common sites of bone fractures in patients with osteoporosis: |
vertebrae, distal radius/ulna, femoral neck |
|
For patients with osteoporosis, should increase which vitamins? |
Vitamin D and calcium |
|
Degenerative disorder characterized by a decrease in production of dopamine (neurotransmitter) within the corpus striatum of the basal ganglia. |
Parkinson's Disease |
|
Clinical presentaiton of Parkinson's Disease |
hypokinesia, difficulty initiating and stopping movements, festinating and shuffling gait, bradykinesia, poor posture, and "cogwheel" or "lead pipe" rigidity |
|
Medical management of Parkinson's disease |
dopamine replacement agent (Levodopa, Sinemet, Madopar) which is designed to minimize bradykinesia, rigidity and tremor |
|
Burn that involves the epidermis and upper portion of the dermis |
Superficial partial-thickness |
|
burn that involves the epidermis, majority of the dermis, and structures within the dermis |
deep partial-thickness |
|
Characterized by red color that will blanch when touched |
Superficial partial-thickness burn |
|
Burn that is characterized by red discoloration, however, will not blanch |
deep partial-thickness |
|
Patellofemoral etiology is unknown, however, it is extremely common during adolescence, is more prevalent in _______________, and has a direct association with _____________________. |
females; activity level |
|
Management of patellofemoral syndrome: |
controlling edema, stretching, strengthening, improving range of motion, and activity modification |
|
Characterized by narrowing of the lumen of blood vessels causing a reduction in circulation usually secondary to atherosclerosis |
Peripheral Vascular Disease |
|
Risk factors for peripheral vascular disease: |
phlebitis, injury or surgery, autoimmune disease, diabetes mellitus, smokin, hyperlipidemia, inactivity, hypertension, positive family history, increased age, and obesity |
|
Chronic overuse condition that develops secondary to repetitive stretching of the plantar fascia through excessive foot pronation during the loading phase of gait. |
Plantar fasciitis |
|
Characterized by severe pain in the heel when first standing up in the morning (when contracted, stiff, and cold) |
plantar fasciitis |
|
Intervention for plantar fasciitis: |
ice massage, deep friction massage, heel insert, orthotic prescription, acitivty modification, and gentle stretching program of the Achilles tendon and plantar fascia |
|
Systemic autoimmune disorder of the connective tissue that is characterized by chronic inflammation within synovial membranes, tendon sheaths, and articular cartilage |
Rheumatoid arthritis |
|
Incidence of rheumatoid arthritis is three times greater in __________ and is diagnosed most frequently between ____________________ years of age |
females; 30-50 |
|
Blood work assists with the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis through elevation of the: |
rheumatoid factor, white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values |
|
Can assist in identifying supraspinatus pathology which may be indicative of a rotator cuff tear. |
drop arm test; empty can test |
|
Caused by an inability of a weak supraspinatus muscle to adequately depress the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa during elevation of the arm. |
Rotator Cuff Tendonitis |
|
Patients may experience what with rotator cuff tendonitis? |
a feeling of weakness and identify the presence of a painful arc of motion most commonly occurring between 60-120 degrees of active abduction |
|
Characterized by low back and gluteal pain that typically radiates down the back of the thigh |
Sciatica
|
|
Sciatica secondary to a herniated disk will increase: |
in a sitting position or when lifting, forward bending or twisting |
|
Factors associated with patellofemoral syndrome: |
patella alta; insufficient lateral femoral condyle; weak vastus medialis obliquus; excessive pronation; excessive knee valgus, and tightness in lower extremity muscles |
|
Patients diagnosed with patellofemoral syndrome typically have an increased Q angle. Males Q angle average _______ and females average _________. |
13 degrees; 18 degrees |
|
A patient with patellofemoral syndrome that undergoes conservative management may be able to return to their previous level of funcitoning within ________________. |
4-6 weeks |
|
Aka arteriosclerosis obliterans |
peripheral vascular disease |
|
Factors that contribute to the development of plantar fasciitis: |
excessive pronation during gait; tightness of the foot and calf musculature; obesity; and possessing a high arch. |
|
Conservative PT intervention on an outpatient basis in combination with a consistent home programs should allow the patient with plantar fasciitis to return to a more funcitonal level within ____________________. |
8 weeks |
|
A definition of unrelieved pressure (pressure ulcer) is ______________ mm Hg of pressure to an area for more than 2 hours. |
>32 |
|
Most patients with sciatica secondary to a herniated disk improve with conservative treatment over a __________________ period. |
2-4 month |
|
A reversible scoliosis curve that can change with repositioning. |
non-structural scoliosis |