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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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If one structure is on the left side of the body and another is on the right, they are said to be ____ to each other. |
contralateral |
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The basal ganglia are a related cluster of cell bodies in the central nervous system. Technically, the basal ganglia should have been name the basal: |
nuclei |
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After damage to the ventral roots of the spinal cord, an individual will suffer what kind of loss? |
control of the peripheral muscles in the affected body area |
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Although the pituitary is often called the master gland, its activity is regulated by the: |
hypothalamus |
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Which lobe seems to be especially involved in the comprehension of spoken language in humans? |
temporal |
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The study of relating skull anatomy (bumps and depressions) to behavior is known as: |
phrenology |
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An MRI device creates an image of the brain based on: |
release of electromagnetic energy from atomic nuclei |
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Why is it that all neurons in a healthy adult brain have made appropriate connections? |
If an axon does not make the appropriate connections by a certain age, it dies. |
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What is apoptosis? |
a program of "suicide" by a neuron |
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An iodine deficiency in the diet can lead to an inadequate production of thyroid hormones. What is the result if this occurs in an infant or developing fetus? |
mental retardation |
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Closed head injury results in damage partially because of: |
rotational forces that push the brain against the inside of the skull |
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A lesion in the hypothalamus can lead to decreased activity in the cerebral cortex, even though the cerebral cortex is undamaged. The decreased activity in the cortex because of the loss of incoming neurons is called: |
diaschisis |
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Scar tissue and myelin are similar in that they both: |
are produced after brain damage |
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After damage to the connections to the left hippocampus from the left entorhinal cortex, sprouts develop from the: |
right entorhinal cortex |
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Which of the following is TRUE according to the law of specific nerve energies? |
Any stimulation of the auditory nerve is perceived as sound |
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The optic nerve is composed of axons from which kind of cell? |
ganglion cells |
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In vertebrate retinas, receptors send their messages: |
to bipolar cells within the retina |
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How do the retinas of predatory birds, such as hawks, differ from the retinas of prey species, such as rats? |
Hawks have greater density of receptors on the top half of their retinas than do rats |
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According to the trichromatic theory of color vision: |
our perception of color depends on the relative activity of three types of cones |
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When individuals with intact brains recognize faces, activity: |
increases in the fusiform gyrus |
