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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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a1(alpha) receptor |
Postsynaptic Increase vasoconstriction, peripheral resistance, blood pressure and heart rate |
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B1(beta) receptor |
Increased coronary vasodilation, heart rate, contractility , increase (AV)atrioventricular conduction; decreased norepinephrine and insulin release |
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a2(alpha) receptor |
Increase coronary vasodilation; decreased norepinephrine and insulin release |
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B2(beta) receptor |
Increase arterial vasodilation, bronchodilation and oxygen consumption |
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Inotropes |
Medication used to increase cardiac output and myocardial contractility |
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Catechomalines |
Act on receptors in the sympathetic nervous system. a1, b1, b2 |
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Cardiac glucosides |
Inhibit the sodium-potassium ATPhase Pump, leading to an increase in calcium ions available to improve myocardial contractility |
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Phosphodiesterase inhibitors |
Improve cardiac muscle contraction and relax vascular smooth muscle, decrease after load |
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What are commonly used initropes? |
Epinephrine Dobutamine Dopamine Norepinephrine Digoxin Milrinone Isoproterenol |
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Epinephrine |
Catecholamine that stimulates alpha and beta receptors Low dose is mostly beta High dose is mostly alpha |
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D2 (Dopaminergic) receptors |
Controls the extrapyramidal system, receptors include renal, mesenteric, coronary, intracerebral vasculature. Indirectly releases norepinephrine |
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Dopamine |
D2 receptor Low dose- increased cardiac contractility and cardiac output, a little or no change in the heart rate, blood pressure or stroke volume may increase renal perfusion in urine Other doses- increased vasoconstriction, improved mild to moderate cardiogenic shock, significant increase in cardiac contractility and cardiac output, small increase in heart rate, blood pressure and stroke volume |
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Dobutamine |
Synthetic catecholamine with inotropic effects B1 with little b2 or alpha. Increased stroke, volume and peripheral vasodilation. Decree stroke volume resistance after loading and ventricle filling. Improves cardiac output, increase heart rate, and contractility increase myocardial contractility. |
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Norepinephrine |
Alpha receptor vasoconstriction, and most systemic arteries and veins increase cardiac output in SVR can cause heart rate decreases |
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Isoproterenol |
Not used to because it may lead to myocardial ischemia, considered a potent B1-2 agonist. Can decrease, coronary artery, blood flow, increase systolic blood pressure decrease diastolic blood pressure system and visit dilation of the bronchial GI, skeletal, smooth muscles. |
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Digoxin |
A cardiac glycoside with Inotropic and chronotropic Increase ventricular contractility, decrease heart rate and cardiac workload |
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Milrinone |
Inotrope/vasodilator Decrease after load by increasing SVR Decrease preload which increases cardiac contractility, decrease pulmonary artery pressure and right atrial pressure Pulmonary vasodilation |
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors |
A group of drugs that inhibit the activity of ACE which results in the arteries relaxing and renal excretion of salt and water. Considered anti hypertensives |
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Vasopressin |
Endogenous antidiuretic hormone. Systemic, vase of construction and renal tubular reabsorption of water, regulate extra silent fluid, valu by affecting renal handling water. improves blood flow to the heart and brain |
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Nitroprusside |
They so dilated that results in relaxation of vasculars, smooth muscle can decrease pre-load and workload of the heart |
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Catopril |
Ace inhibitor suppresses the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system through the inhibition of angiotensin II, arterial, and venous vasodilation |
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Enalapril |
Prevents conversion of angiotensin, one to angiotensin two, which resulted in blood pressure, decrease and decrease sodium attention, and increase calcium retention |
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Nicardipine |
Calcium channel blocker that binds to calcium channels on all types of muscle cells, resulting in relaxation of smooth muscle, and arterial vasodilation. Decreased contractility and decrease heart rate. |
