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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is acetate?
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a type of plastic used in photographic film and overhead transparencies
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What is an action-at-a-distance force?
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forces that can have an effect on an object without touching it
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What is an atom?
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the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of an element
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What is charging by conduction?
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process of transferring charge between objects by touching or rubbing
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What is charging by induction?
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process of rearranging electrons on a neutral object by bringing a charged object close to it
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What are conductors?
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materials that allow electrons to move freely on and through them
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What are contact forces?
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forces that have an effect only on objects that they can touch
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What is a coulomb?
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the unit of electric charge, named after the French physicist Charles Coulomb; one coulomb is the amount of charge passing a point in one second when one ampere of current is flowing
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What is electric force?
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a push or pull between charged objects
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What are electrons?
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negatively charged particles surrounding the atomic nucleus
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What is a force?
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a push or a pull exerted on an object
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What is grounding?
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connecting a conductor so that electric charge flows into Earth's surface
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What are insulators?
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materials that do not allow electrons to move easily on or through them
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What are the laws of static charge?
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physical laws that state that like charges repel, opposite charges attract, and neutral objects and charged objects attract each other
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What is neutral?
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the uncharged state of a particle or object; occurs when the positive charge in the nucleus is exactly balanced by the negative charge of the electrons
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What is the nucleus?
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(in chemistry), the positively charged centre of an atom, which contains protons and neutrons
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What is a proton?
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positively charged particle in the atomic nucleus
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What is static charge?
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an electric charge that can be collected and held very neatly fixed in one place
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What is the Van de Graaff generator?
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a device that uses friction to produce a large static charge on a metal dome
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How does an electroscope work?
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1) an object with a suspected static charge is brought toward the knob
2) electrical charge move to the metal and down to the foils 3) since each leaf has the same charge they repel each other and separate |
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What is friction?
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-objects rub against each other
-can result in 1 object losing an electron and another gaining electrons |
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Give examples of insulators
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rubber, plastic, dry wood, glass etc.
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What are free electrons?
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the electrons in metals that are free to move throughout the conductor
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1 C (One Coulomb) of charge is equal to...
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6.25 times 10 ^ 18 electrons
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What is lightning?
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the result of a build-up of static charge in clouds due to friction created as hot air rises rapidly and rubs ice crystals and dust particles in cloud banks
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What are applications of static electricity?
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-allows plastic wrap to cling
-decrease air pollution -paint used on cars |
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What are at a distant forces (examples)?
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gravity, magnetic, electric
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What is the property of static charge?
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-charge is never created nor destroyed
-the process of charging is really moving the charge from one place to another (negative only) |
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Explain charging by induction using an electroscope
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-rod with negative charge brought close to electroscope
-electrons move down leaves -leaves separate -remove rod and leaves fall |
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Explain charging by conduction using an electroscope
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-rod with negative charge touches knob
-transfer of electrons from rod to electroscope -leaves separate -remove rod -leaves are still separated |
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What is charging by conduction with a positively charged object?
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-electrons from electroscope would be attracted to positive object
-metal leaves would become positively charged after electrons have been transferred to the (positive) object |
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What is static discharge?
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-static charge with eventually wear off
-electrons may slowly move into moisture in the air, OR discharge quickly in a spark |