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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a physical property?
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Can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter.
----------------------------------- Examples: • you don't have to change the identity of an apple to see that it is red or to measure its volume. |
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What is density?
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• The amount of matter in a given space, or volume.
• The mass per unit volume of a substance. • one of the 6 physical properties of Matter ----------------------------------- Examples: • A golf ball and a ping-pong ball have similar volumes, but the golf ball has more mass. So, the golf ball is denser than the ping-pong ball. • Lead is used to make sinkers for fishing lines because lead is denser than water. |
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What is the equation for finding the density of matter?
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density = mass / volume
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What is thermal conductivity?
Is it a physical or chemical property of matter? |
• Is the rate at which a substance transfers thermal energy.
• One of the 6 physical properties of Matter ----------------------------------- Examples: • A foam cup with coffee in it. |
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What is solubility?
Is it a physical or chemical property of matter? |
• Is the ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance.
• One of the six physical properties of Matter ----------------------------------- Examples: Flavored drink mix dissolves in water. |
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What is state?
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• Is the physical form in which a substance exists,
1) solid 2) liquid 3) gas • One of the six physical properties of Matter ----------------------------------- Examples: • Ice is water in its solid state. |
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What is ductility?
Is it a physical or chemical property of matter? |
• It is the ability of a substance to be pulled into a wire.
• One of the six physical properties of Matter ----------------------------------- Examples: • Copper is often used to make wiring because it is ductile. |
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What is malleability?
Is it a physical or chemical property of matter? |
• is the ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets.
• One of the 6 physical properties of Matter ----------------------------------- Examples: • Aluminum can be rolled into sheets to make foil. |
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What is a chemical property?
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• It describes matter based on its ability to change into new matter with different properties.
• Not as easy to observe as physical properties (ex: you can only observe the flammability of wood while it is burning). ----------------------------------- Examples: • wood can be burned to create a new matter (ash and smoke) |
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What is flammability?
Is it a physical or chemical property of matter? |
• ability to burn
• a chemical property of matter ----------------------------------- Examples: • wood has the chemical property of flammability. it will burn when heated |
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What is nonflammability?
Is it a physical or chemical property of matter? |
NOT having the ability to burn
----------------------------------- Examples: • gold is nonflammable. It will not burn when heated. |
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What is reactivity?
Is it a physical or chemical property of matter? |
ability of two or more substances to combine and form a new substance
----------------------------------- Examples: • Rusting is an example of reactivity with oxygen. Iron will rust when it is exposed to oxygen. |
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What is nonreactivity?
Is it a physical or chemical property of matter? |
The inability of two or more substances to combine
----------------------------------- Examples: • Chromium has the chemical property of nonreactivity with oxygen. Chromium will not rust when exposed to oxygen. |
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What is a Physical Change?
List some examples of a physical change. |
• a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance.
• DOES NOT FORM A NEW SUBSTANCE • can be observed ----------------------------------- Examples: • Making Kool Aid • Melting butter (put back in fridge and it becomes solid again) • freezing water for ice cubes • sanding wood • mixing oil & vinegar |
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What is a Chemical Change?
List some examples of a chemical change. |
• PROCESS in which two or more SUBSTANCES are CHANGED into one or more substances WITH DIFFERENT PROPERTIES
----------------------------------- Examples: • burning paper • sour milk • baking a cake (when you mix the ingredients together and cook it, you get something completely different) • running (muscles release chemicals causing them to react to movement) • Battery hooked to a circuit |
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What are chemical properties of matter?
List the 4 types of chemical properties. |
• DESCRIBES which chemical changes will or will not happen.
----------------------------------- Types of Chemical Properties: • flammability • nonflammability • reactivity • non reactivity |
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List 5 Signals (clues) of chemical change.
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• A change of color (can also be a physical change)
• Heat is made • Fizzing and/or foaming • Light or sound is produced • Chemical/molecular make-up changes (can't see) ----------------------------------- Examples: • soured milk smells bad because bacteria have formed new substances in the milk • Statue of liberty changing color from shiny orange-brown copper to green as metal's interact with air • effervescent tablets bubble when dropped in water |
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Classify the following properties as either physical or chemical:
• reacts with water • dissolves in oil • is blue • does not react with hydrogen |
• reacts with water = chemical
• dissolves in oil = physical • is blue = physical • does not react with hydrogen = chemical |
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Classify the following changes as physical or chemical:
• cutting hair • baking cookies • silver tarnishing • butter melting • sanding a piece of wood |
• cutting hair = physical
• baking cookies = chemical • silver tarnishing = chemical • butter melting = physical • sanding a piece of wood = physical |
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Using one physical property, classify the following substances as a group:
water, oil, mercury, and alcohol |
Physical property = state
They are all in a LIQUID state. |
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Describe the differences between physical and chemical changes in terms of what happens to the matter involved in each kind of change.
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• Physical change do not change the identity of the substance - the matter stays the same.
• Chemical change happens when 2 or more substances are changed into NEW substances with DIFFERENT properties. |
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For each pair of terms, explain how the meaning of the terms differ:
• mass/volume |
• Mass is the amount of matter in an object
• Volume is the amount of space taken up by an object ** 2 balls can take up the same amount of space (volume), but one can be denser/heavier than the other (mass) |
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For each pair of terms, explain how the meaning of the terms differ:
• mass / weight |
• mass is the amount of matter in an object
• weight is a measure of the gravitational force on an object |
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For each pair of terms, explain how the meaning of the terms differ:
• physical property / chemical property |
• Physical property of matter can be observed without changing the identity of the matter.
• Chemical properties can be observed only when new substances are made. |
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For each pair of terms, explain how the meaning of the terms differ:
• physical change / chemical change |
• When a substance under-goes a physical change, its identity remains the same.
• A chemical change happens when one or more substances are changed into new substances with different properties. |
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Which of these is NOT matter?
a) a cloud b) your hair c) sunshine d) the sun |
c) sunshine
Matter is anything that has volume and mass. Sunshine does not have volume or mass. |
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The mass of an elephant on the moon would be
a) less than its mass on Mars. b) more than its mass on Mars. c) the same as its weight on the Moon. d) None of the above. |
d) none of the above.
MASS is the amount of matter in an object. WEIGHT is the measure of gravitational force on an object. |
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Which of the following is NOT a chemical property?
a) reactivity with oxygen b) malleability c) flammability d) reactivity with acid |
b) malleability
Malleability is a physical property |
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Breaking your pencil in half is an example of:
a) a physical change b) a chemical change c) density d) volume |
a) a physical change
When a substance undergoes a physical change, its properties stay the same. |
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Which of the following statements about density is true?
a) density is mass per unit volume b) density is weight per unit volume c) density is measured in millimeters d) density is a chemical property |
a) density is mass per unit volume
Density is the amount of matter in a given space OR mass per unit volume. |
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You, the food you eat, and the air you breathe are all made of matter. Define matter.
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Anything that has volume and mass.
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Explain the relationship between mass and inertia
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Inertia is the tendency of all objects to resist any change in motion. Mass is a measurement of inertia. The more massive an object is, the greater its inertia.
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Classify gold and wood according to their chemical and physical properties.
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Wood physical properties: poor thermal conductor, non-solubility.
Wood chemical properties: flammable, reactive Gold physical properties = ductility and malleability Gold chemical properties = good thermal conductor, nonflammabiliity, non-reactivity |
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What is the amount of mass that fits in a given volume called?
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density
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What is the ability of a substance to go through a chemical change called?
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reactivity
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When a substance combines with oxygen, produces heat and often light, it is called what?
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combustion reaction
(reactivity - one of the chemical properties of mater) |
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What is the ability of a substance to be pulled into thin threads without breaking?
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ductility
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What is a mixture in which the particles of each substance are mixed evenly called?
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solution
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The ability to burn is called what?
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flammability
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What are properties that can be observed or measured without changing an object, or any of the materials it's made of, into something else?
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physical properties
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What are properties that describe the ability of a substance to react with other materials and form new substances?
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chemical properties
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A characteristic of an object such as color, shapes, texture, and size
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Physical property
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Matter that is visible and can hold its own shape
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Solid
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Matter that is usually visible and can change to take the shape of its container
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Liquid
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Matter that is usually invisible and can change to take the shape of its container
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Gas
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The amount of space that a liquid takes up
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volume
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Unit used to measure solid objects
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centimeter
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Unit used to measure the volume of a liquid
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milliliter
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