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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
PET
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method that measures the metabolic activity regions by looking at the blood flow
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MRI
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method that looks at the anatomy of the living human brain using magnetic fields and radio waves
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CT scan
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shows 'slice' of the brain using x rays
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single-unit recording
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recording of the electrical activity of a single neuron or small group of neurons
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name one advantage of PET scans over fMRI
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better for claustrophobic people
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name one advantage of fMRI over PET
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non-invasive
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evidence for the old visual pathway from teh superior colliculi to the parietal lobe comes from examining people with?
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blindsight
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the ____ provides better visual acuity than the rest of the retina
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fovia
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what is the correct order of the path of what the eye takes in?
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retina to optic chiasm to thalamus to V1
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Rememberin what i had for lunch yesterday is an example of what type of memory?
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episodic memory
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PET
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method that measures the metabolic activity regions by looking at the blood flow
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MRI
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method that looks at the anatomy of the living human brain using magnetic fields and radio waves
|
|
CT scan
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shows 'slice' of the brain using x rays
|
|
single-unit recording
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recording of the electrical activity of a single neuron or small group of neurons
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name one advantage of PET scans over fMRI
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better for claustrophobic people
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name one advantage of fMRI over PET
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non-invasive
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evidence for the old visual pathway from teh superior colliculi to the parietal lobe comes from examining people with?
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blindsight
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the ____ provides better visual acuity than the rest of the retina
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fovia
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what is the correct order of the path of what the eye takes in?
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retina to optic chiasm to thalamus to V1
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Rememberin what i had for lunch yesterday is an example of what type of memory?
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episodic memory
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what task would an amnesic patient be impaired on, relative to non-amnesic controls?
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learning to associate novel names and faces
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what is the name given to amnesia arising from long-term alcoholism?
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korsakoff's syndrome
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a false memory that is recalled without an intention to lie is called a
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confabulation
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What is Capgras delusion? Describe the symptoms of Capgras and ramachandran's thoery of why it occurs. How did he test this theory? What was the outcome?
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he thinks his own parents are imposters. the theory is that the pathway wasn't connected to the amygdala
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two types of long-term memory?
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explicit, implicit
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episodic memory
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for events
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semantic memory
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for facts
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explicit is?
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things we're aware of
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implicit is?
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things we're less aware of
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what is korsakoff's syndrome? describe some of the symptoms seen in the case study 'the lost mariner'
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when you drink too much alcohol for a long period of time you become amnesiac. You lose insight, have confabulation and temporal memory problems (inability to form memories).
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in the video on the capgras delusion, ramachandran hypothesized that the temporal lobe was cut off from the ____?
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amygdala
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in order to test the hypothesis in the capgras case, ramachandran showed the patient david pictures of his mother and monitored his:
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skin conductance response
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in the video in class, the woman who could not see the motion of the train coming toward her had damage to which visual area?
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MT
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briefly describe one type of synesthesia:
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being able to see music as colors
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Billy told you that he has synesthesia because he associates the number 2 with the color green on some days and the color purple on other days. You told him that he probalby doesn't have synesthesia because:
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the colors stay consisten and don't really vary
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true or false: the visual system works in such a way that one area in the brain processes all of the visual information
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false
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Basic memory processes?
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encoding, storage, and retrieval
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Endoding is
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information coded into memory
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storage memory process is
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when you retain information over time
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retrieval memory process is
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getting information back
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short-term memory:
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memory for information currently 'in mind'; limited capacity
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working memory
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working memory
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long term memory
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stored information that needs not be presently accessed or even consciously accessible; has virtually unlimited capacity
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Plasticity is:
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the brain's ability to change as a result of experience
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what is related in The Lost Mariner stroy?
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Korsakoff's syndrome
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What is the difference between sensation and perception?
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Sensation is when sensory receptors receive stimulus energies from our environment
perception is the process of integrating, organizing and interpeting sensory information |
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What is the role of the retina in vision?
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Lght passes through the pupil & lens and is focused on the retina, then receptors in the retina (rods, cones) convert that light into neural signal
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what are the parts of the retina?
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rods, cones, and fovea
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What is the old pathway?
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the superior colliculi projects to the parietal lobe
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What is evidence for the old pathway existing?
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Blindsight
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Synesthesia is...
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a condition where one sense is simultaneously perceived by one or more additional senses
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dorsal (where/how) goes from
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occipital to parietal lobes
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the 'where or how' pathway in vision goes from the occipital lobe to the
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parietal lobes
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ventral (what) goes from
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occipital to temporal lobes
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What is TMS?
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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation- it creates a strong focal magnetic field over the scalp
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What can TMS be used for?
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It is often used as a therapeutic tool for depression patients
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CT Scan
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Dye is put into blood, x-rays are taken and the brain is analyzed
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MRI
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they provide a more detailed view of the brain- they're reasonably fast, inexpensive, and portable
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DTI
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Uses the standard MRI setup, but it measures the direction of water flow. It's noninvasive
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Single Unit Recording
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Directly records from one or a few neurons- it is most often used in animal research.
disadvantages are that it's very invasive |
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EEG
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Measures the PSPs in groups of neurons by the difference between electrodes.
It is measured by frequency, amplitude and specific wave-types |
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ERP
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Uses EEG setup, ERP has an excellent temporal resolution, a poor spatial resolution, and it identifies components of EEG and equates them to specific cognitive/perceptual processes
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PET
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Radioactive tracer is injected, it records positrons outside the head
Can trace oxygen-15 |
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fMRI
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Tracks oxygenated hemoglobin, finds the Blood-Oxygen Level Dependent
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