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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Scientific Method |
-Everything is open to question -Open mind -Knowledge is tentative and subject to refutation -Empirical -Systematic/orderly and comprehensive -Representativeness of the sample - larger better -Procedures well specified -Pursuit of objectivity -Replication |
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Ways of Knowing other than Scientific Method |
-Personal experience -Tradition -Authority -Common sense -Popular media |
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Inaccurate observations |
Not being discriptive in your observations and thinking that we have seen something that is not true |
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Overgeneralization |
Generalizing a population; instead repeat the study to make sure you recieve the same results
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Selective Observation |
Choosing to look only at things that are in line with our own preferences or beliefs
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Ex Post Facto hypothesizing |
Developing hypotheses to fit observed data. |
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Ego involvement in understanding |
Practitioners are less likely to see the way their own ego involvement impedes practice. Rather than scientifically reexamining the effectiveness of our approaches to practice (which we may like because we are used to them and have special expertise in them), we may tenaciously engage in selective observation, ex post facto, and other efforts to explain away evidence that suggests our approaches may be ineffective. |
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Premature closure of inquiry |
Refusing to consider evidence that their favoured inventions, programs or policies are not as effective as they believe they are. It halts attempts to understand things before understanding is complete. |
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Pseudoscience |
a collection of beliefs or practices mistakenly regarded as being based on scientific method. |
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Paradigm |
Model or framework for observation and understanding, which shapes both what we see and how we understand |
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Positivist Paradigm |
emphasize objectivity -> objective reality that can be measured. can quantify needs of people in poverty. |
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Social Constructivist Paradigm |
multiple realities-> swedish frail old people and what health meant to them. A qualitative interview. Words rather than numbers with a diverse perspective. |
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Postmodernism |
there is no new reality. just copies of old realities. example would be uptown funk and how bruno mars copied james brown and recycled a trend. |
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Practice Model |
Guides to help practitioners synthesize theories and organize their thinking around interventions - Cognitive behavioral - Task centered - 12 step program - Evidence based Practice |
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Evidence Based Practice |
EBP is a process in which the practitioner combines well-researched interventions with clinical experience, ethics, client preferences, and culture to guide and inform the delivery of treatments and services. |
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Steps of EBP |
Step 1)
Formulate a question to answer practice needs (SNCIAO)
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Step 2) |
2) Search for the evidence
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Step 3) |
3) Critically appraise the relevant studies you find
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Step 4) |
4) Determine which evidence based intervention is most appropriate for your particular client system
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Step 5) |
5) Apply the evidence based intervention
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Step 6) |
6) Evaluation and feedback |
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Integrative Model of EBP |
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