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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Thestate takes part of the GDP and redistributes it to provide minimum survivallevels for the poor and others. Thistype of state can be called a __________ state.
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Welfare |
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During the twentieth century, the UnitedStates has provided more opportunities for the rich to get richer than for thepoor to escape poverty. This situationis referred to as __________.
(subsides for the rich) |
Wealthfare |
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The __________ are individuals who spentat least 27 weeks in the labor force (working or looking for work), but whoseincomes fell below the official poverty level.
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Working Power |
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__________ stratification is a pattern inwhich individuals and groups are assigned to different positions in the socialorder, positions that enjoy varying amounts of access to desirable goods andservices.
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Social |
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The stratification of individuals andgroups according to their access to various occupations, incomes, and skills iscalled __________ stratification.
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Class |
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For Karl Marx, the lumpenproletariat ismade up of __________.
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members of capitalist societies whoare poor and not in the labor force
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In 2005, __________ percent of the UnitedStates population fell below the inflation-corrected, official poverty line.
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12.7
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Which of the following is NOT oneof the myths mentioned in the text about the poor?
A.Half of the poor are not in the workingages.B.Welfare programs for the poor arestraining the federal budget. C.The majority of the poor live ininner-city neighborhoods. D.The poor live off government welfare. |
Half of the poor are not in theworking ages.
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Some of the poor fall below the povertyline because of the loss of a job, or death, disability, or desertion of aspouse. This is referred to as__________ poverty.
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event
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__________ explanations of persistentpoverty focus most intensely on the functioning of dominant institutions ofsociety, such as the economy.
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Structural
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Event Poverty |
In an event of illness, loss of ones job, marital discord, or pregnancy the family loses money to put them below the official poverty level |
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Social Class |
A division of a society based on social and economic status.
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Who compromised the largest percent of those living in poverty in 2008? |
Children |
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How many children were living in poverty in 2008? |
14.1 million children |
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How many people 65 and older were living in poverty in 2008? |
3.7 Million people over the age of 65 |
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How many people and what percent were living below poverty level in 2008? |
39.8 million, 13.2 % were living below the poverty line |
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What is the largest percent ethnic group living below the poverty line |
Black and Hispanic, female headed families |
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What regions of the U.S have the highest rate of people living in poverty? |
The south and west regions |
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Severely poor people live at what percent of the poverty threshold |
50 percent of the poverty threshold |
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Marrying within the group |
Endogomy |
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marrying someone with the same characteristics, such as social class, religion, race and ethnicity |
Homogomy |
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A safer and more convenient target, usually one that somewhat resembles the real source of the frusteration |
Scapegoat |
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Attributing a fixed and usually unfavorable or inaccurate conception to a category of people |
Stereotyping |
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Woman and members of other minority groups not having equal protection of the law in their dealings with public institutions, not necessarily because of the conscious prejudice of public officials, but as an unconscious result of the structure and functioning of the public institutions and policies themselves. |
Institutional discrimination |
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Segregation by law |
De Jure Segregation |
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The differential treatment of individuals considered to belong to a particular social group |
Discrimination |
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Behavior, in word or deed, that is motivated by the belief that human races have distinctive characteristics that determine abilities and cultures |
Racism |
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an emotional, rigid attitude against members of a group |
Prejudice |
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Gerontology |
The branch of studying old people |
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Primary aging |
Physically showing signs of aging (molecular) |
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Secondary Aging |
Aging that is at an accelerated rate or normal aging |
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Forms of Prejudice and discrimination that are directed at the elderly not only by the individuals but also by social institutions |
Ageism |
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How many Americans were over the age of 65 in 2008 |
40 million Americans over the age of 65 |
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Social Security |
a federal insurance program that provides benefits to retired people and those who are unemployed or disabled.
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Manyof the problems of the elderly in American society are due to changes broughtabout by industrialization and migration to urban areas. These changes have altered the nature of thesocial roles that elderly people play. This broad social transformation is called __________.
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Modernization |
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Segregating people into different groupsor strata by age involves age __________.
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Stratification |
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Duringthe last decade, the most rapid increases in the elderly population were amongthe __________
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oldest of the old, those over 85
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Which of the following is NOTone of Elisabeth Kübler-Ross's stages in the dying process?
A.rejection and dismay B.denial and isolation C.bargaining and postponement D.anger and resentment |
Rejection and dismay |
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Special institutions designed for theterminally ill are called __________.
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Hospices |
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Agroup of individuals who are related to one another either by blood, marriage,or adoption is the definition of __________.
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A kinship unit |
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The __________ family consists of afather, a mother, and their children, living apart from other kin
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Nuclear |
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The __________ family consists ofparents, children, grandparents, aunts, uncles, and others living together, orin very close proximity.
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Extended |
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In the __________ family, individualnuclear families live separately, but the extended family remains a strongkinship organization through a combination of interpersonal attachments andvarious forms of economic exchanges and mutual aid.
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Modified Extended |
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In a landmark study of women's attitudesabout work and marriage, Arlie Hochschild found that women who work have lesstime for themselves and often think of the work they do in the home as a kindof __________.
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"Second Shift" |
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Recent analyses of divorce rates in theUnited States and other highly industrialized nations indicates that there is awidening gap between divorce rates among people with high levels of educationand those with less education. Sociologist Steven P. Martin has described this phenomenon as a “divorce__________.”
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Divide |
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The nation’s essential but low-paidworkers, especially those working in child care and retail establishments andas aides in nursing homes and hospitals, often face __________ poverty.
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Shelter |
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Of all cases of abuse, almost 90 percentis committed by the child’s __________.
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Parent or gaurdian |
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__________ is the money paid by onepartner for the support of the other, usually by the husband to the wife.
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Alimony |
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For the past few years, the Department ofHealth and Human Services has invested $140 million a year in matching grantsto states and private agencies for __________ programs, that teach teenagersthey should remain celibate until marriage.
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abstinence only |
