Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Fundamental frequency
|
lowest frequency of a complex sound
|
|
|
Max. phonational frequency range
|
Compete range of frequencies that an individual can produce
|
|
|
Alveoli
|
microscopic thinwalled structures within the lungs filled with air
|
|
|
bronchial tree
|
part of the respiratory sysytem that includes the trachea, bronchi, ad bronchioles
|
|
|
bronchioles
|
smalled subdivisions of the bronchial system
|
|
|
chest wall system
|
part of the respiratory system that includes the rib cage, abdomen, and diaphragm
|
|
|
Dead air
|
small amount of air not involved in oxygen-CO2 exchange
|
|
|
Expiratory reserve volume
|
amount of air that can be exhaled below Tidal Volume
|
|
|
Functional residual capacity
|
amount of air in the lungs and airways at the end of a normal quiet exhalation
|
|
|
Inspiratory reserve volume
|
amount of air that can be inhaled above tidal volume
|
|
|
intercostal muscles
|
made upj of internal and external sets sof muscles running between the ribs on both sides
|
|
|
parietal pleura
|
membrane lining the inner surface of the thoracic cavity
|
|
|
pleural linkage
|
the mechanism by which the lungs and thoracic cavity are linked together to function as a unit
|
|
|
residual volume
|
volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum exhalation that cannot be voluntarily expelled
|
|
|
resting expiratory level
|
state of equilibrium in the respiratory system when P(alv) = P(atmos)
|
|
|
Tidal Volume
|
Volume of air breathed in and out during a cycle of respiration
|
|
|
Total Lung capacity
|
total amount of air that the lungs are capable of holding
|
|
|
Vital Capacity
|
maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a max inhalation
|
|
|
Amplitude Perturbation
|
cycle to cycle variability in VF amilitude (aka "Shimmer")
|
|
|
Aryepiglottic folds
|
Folds of connective tissue and muscle fibers running from the sides of the epiglottis to the apex of the arytenoid carilages
|
|
|
Arytenoid cartilage
|
paired cartilages of the larynx, forming a joint with the cricoid cartilage
|
|
|
Breathiness
|
Vocal quality that sounds aspirated due to air loss and turbulence at the glottis
|
|
|
cricoid cartilage
|
unpaired ring of cartilage forming the inferior portion f the larynx
|
|
|
cricothyroid muscle
|
(CT) intrinsic muscle of the larynx composed of the oblique and erect parts; elongates and tenses the VFs
|
|
|
Dysphonia
|
any kind of vocal dysfunction resulting in a deviant-sounding voice
|
|
|
Electroglottography
|
(EGG) Method of evaluating VF function based on the difference between electircal conductivity of tissue and air, aka laryngography
|
|
|
epiglottis
|
unpaired cartilage of the larynx involved in swallowing
|
|
|
Falsetto
|
a range of very high Fo with a thin, breathy quality; aka loft
|
|
|
False vocal Folds
|
like parallel and superior to true VFs; aka ventricular VFs
|
|
|
Frequency Perturbation
|
cycle to cycle variability in Vocal frequency; aka "Jitter"
|
|
|
Glottis
|
space between the true VFs
|
|
|
Harmonics to Noise ratio
|
meausre in dB of the ratio of harmonic energy to noise energy in voice
|
|
|
Hoarseness
|
vocal quality combining breathy plus rough characteristics
|
|
|
Hyoid bone
|
bone from which the larynx is suspended; also forms the attachment for the tongue
|
|
|
Hyperadduction
|
VFs adducted with excessive medial compression
|
|
|
Hypoadduction
|
VFs adducted with insufficient medial copmression
|
|
|
Infrahyoid Muscles
|
extrinsic muscles of the larynx; depress the larunx
|
|
|
Interarytenoid muscle
|
(IA) intrinsic muscle of the larynx composed of the transverse and oblique fibers; adducts the VFs
|
|
|
Lx Wave
|
Waveform generated by EGG, with time on the horizontal axis and voltage on the vertical axis
|
|
|
Modal Register
|
most commonly used register for normal conversational speech, encompassing the midrage of Fo
|
|
|
Myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation
|
Theory that explains VF vibration in terms of muscular, elastic recoil, and aerodymanic forces
|
|
|
posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
|
intrinsic muscle of the larynx; abducts the VFs
|
|
|
pulse register
|
range of very low Fo with a creaky voice quality; aka glottal fry, vocal fry, creaky voice
|
|
|
shimmer
|
cycle to cycle variability in amplitude of VF vibration; aka amplitude perturbation
|
|
|
spectral noise
|
additive noise in the glottal spectrum
|
|
|
suprahyoid muscles
|
extrinsic muscles of the larynx; elevate the larynx
|
|
|
Thyroarytenoid muscle
|
(TA) body of the Vocal FOlds
|
|
|
Thyroid Cartilage
|
largest cartilage of the larynx, unpaired
|
|
|
transglottal pressure
|
pressure difference across the VFs, between tracheal pressure and supraglottal pressure
|
|
|
Spasmodic dysphonia
|
voice disorder characterized by laryngeal spasms
|
|
|
Aphonia
|
complete absense of voice
|
|
|
dopamine
|
neurotransmitter deficient in PD
|
|
|
Botox Injection
|
proceedure in which minute amounts of botulinum toxin are injected into the VFs to alleviate spasms
|
|
|
Endotrachial intubation
|
process in which a breathing tube is inserted into the trachea through the larynx
|
|
|
laryngectomy
|
partial or total removal of the larynx, usually due to cancer
|
|
|
Fetal Cell transplantation
|
surgical treatment for PD, designed to replenish missing dopamine
|
