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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
fuedalism
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system of rule by lords who owe loyalty to a king
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manor
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included lord's castle, peasant's huts, and surrounding villages or fields.
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serfs
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peasants
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Crusades
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war between Muslims and Roman Catholics to gain control of Holy Land.
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magnetic compass
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device that shows which direction is north, taught by Arabs to Italians.
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astrolabe
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instrument used by sailors to measure the positions of stars and figure out their latitude at sea; taught by Arabs to Italians
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Renaissance
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burst of learning; French word meaning rebirth
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caravel
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ship with a steering rubber and triangular sails
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colony
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company
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conquistadors
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conquerors
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Pueblos
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towns that were center of farming and trade.
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Presidios
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forts with high adobe wall, where soldiers lived
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Missions
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religious settlements run by Catholic priests and friars
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Laws of the Indies
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laws stated how colonies should be organized and ruled
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Peninsulares
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top of social scale in Spanish colonies; born in Spain and sent to rule Spanish colonies
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Creoles
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second people in social scale; born in the Americas to Spanish parents
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Mestizos
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third of social scale; people of mixed Spanish and Indian background
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Indians
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lowest class in social scale; treated as conquered people
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encomiendas
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the right to demand labor or taxes from Native Americans living on the land
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plantations
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large estates farmed by many workers, they grew sugar cane and tobacco
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northwest passage
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waterway through or around North America
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protestant reformation
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the new movement that sharply divided Christians in Europe, Protestants also split, forming many different Protestant churches
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New France
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the first permanent settlements founded by Samuel de Champlain
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coureurs de bois
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French colonists that were trappers and traders were runners of the woods
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Louisiana
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Founded by Robert de La Salle. To keep Spain and England out of Louisiana, they built a fort at the mouth of the Mississippi river named New Orleans
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New Netherland
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A colony settled by the Dutch
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Charter
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a legal document giving certain rights to a person or company
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burgesses
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representatives
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House of Burgesses
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together with the governor, they made laws for the colony
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representative government
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one in which voters elect representatives to make laws for them
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Magna Carta
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Great Charter-this document said that the king could not raise taxes without first consulting the Great Council of nobles and church leaders
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Pilgrims
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A group of English settlers that came to America to practice their religion freely. They belonged to a religious group named the Separatists. The were called that because they wanted to be be separate from the Church of England.
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Mayflower Compact
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Pilgrims that came over to America on the Mayflower drew up this contract to consult each other about laws for the colony and promised to work together to make the colony succeed.
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Thanksgiving
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Now celebrated as a National holiday, it started because the Pilgrims gave thanks to God for the good harvest.
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