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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Matter
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Has volume and takes up space
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Weight
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The pull of gravity on an object
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Why does ice float?
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It is less dense than water.
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Properties of Matter
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Mass, Volume, Density
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Density
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Mass divided by Volume
M / V |
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Metric unit for volume
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Liter
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Solid vs. Liquid
Which has the higher density? |
Solid
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Wind
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The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure
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Coriolis Effect
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The way the Earth's rotation makes winds curve
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Jet Stream
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Bands of high speed winds located about 10 kilometers above Earth's surface
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Ozone layer
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Part of Earth's atmosphere that filters out the harmful rays of the sun
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Troposhere
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Part of the atmosphere on Earth where we live and where our weather occurs.
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Carbon Dioxide
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Causes heat to build up in the atmosphere.
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Winds
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Winds are named for the direction they are blowing to.
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Gases in Earth's Atmosphere
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Nitrogen 78% and Oxygen 21%
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Causes of wind
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Winds are caused by the sun heating the Earth differently around the world.
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Movement of Air
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Air tends to move from high pressure to low pressure areas.
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Air flow near the water
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During the day the air will flow from the sea to the land. At night, cooler air moves from the land to the sea.
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Potential energy
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The energy of position.
Example: Wound up spring or marble at the top of a ramp |
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Fossil Fuels
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Coal, Oil, Natural Gas
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Energy
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The ability to do work.
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Kinetic energy
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The energy of motion.
Example: Moving car or boy running |
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Geothermal energy
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Uses energy from inside the Earth.
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Thermal energy
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Heat energy which could be collected on solar panels.
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Light energy
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A photovoltaic cell (used on calculators)uses this type of energy from the sun to power the source.
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Chesapeake Bay
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Largest ESTUARY in the United States. 24,000 sq miles of watershed. Habitat to 3,600 species
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Polar Ice Caps
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Located at the 'top' and 'bottom' of the Earth at the poles
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Phases of the moon
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New moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, third quarter, waning crescent.
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Rotation vs Revolution
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Rotation - spinning around an axis - Earth does this every 24 hours. Revolution - revolving around an object - Earth revolves around the Sun every 365 days.
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Safety symbols
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Eye safety - goggles
Electrical safety - plug Poison - skull and crossbones |
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SUN
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Beginning energy source in all food chains (and webs)
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Metric base units (SI)
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Volume - liter
Mass - gram Length - meter Temperature - Celcius |
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Instruments
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Mass - triple beam balance
Volume - graduated cylinder Length - metric ruler/meter stick Temperature - thermometer |
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Solar cells
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Turn sunlight into electricity
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EARTH's movement
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Rotation - days
Tilt - seasons Revolution - years |
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Measuring weather (instruments)
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Temperature - thermometer
Wind - anemometer Air pressure - barometer Air movements - satellites Psychrometer - humidity |
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Clouds
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Cirrus - wispy
Stratus - layered Cumulus - puffy Nimbus - rain |
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Water cycle
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Precipitation - rain, snow, sleet (liquid)
Condensation - dew, clouds (gas to liquid) Evaporation - rising into air (liquid to gas) Transpiration - water into atmosphere from leaves of plants (liq to gas) |
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Space exploration
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Manned ships to the moon.
Unmanned ships to Venus, Mars, Jupiter |
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Planets
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Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto
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Solar System
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Sun, planets, asteroids
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Electromagnetic spectrum
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Different frequencies on this spectrum tell scientists many things about this universe
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General kinds of energy (2)
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Kinetic and potential
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Lightning
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Areas of positive and negative charges build up in storm clouds
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Major problems in the Chesapeake Bay
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Pollution - sediment, nutrient, air, toxic
Overfishing Sprawl - overpopulation of people and construction |
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Renewable vs Nonrenewable energy sources
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Renewable - solar, wind, geothermal,biomass, hydro, ocean
Nonrenewable - oil, natural gas, coal, uranium |
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Causes of endangerment or extinction
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HABITAT DESTRUCTION, overfishing, poaching
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Biodiversity
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A large number of different species living in one area
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Earth's water
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97% salt, 3% fresh
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Fresh water
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Ice 76%
Groundwater 23% Lakes and rivers 0.34% Water vapor 0.037% |
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Wetlands
Watershed |
wet land - swamps, marshes, bogs (soaks up water)
Watershed - LAND where the water runs off into a large body of water |
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Permeable vs Impermeable
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Permeable - water can pass through (dirt, grass)
Impermeable - water runs off (pavement, roofs) |
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Runoff
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Causes major problems in polluting the waterways
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BMPs
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Best Management Practices - things you can do to help keep the water clean
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Estuary
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A semi enclosed body of water where the fresh water meets the salt water and becomes brackish
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