Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Describe conditions that may result in clumped dispersion, uniform dispersion, and random dispersion of individuals in a population.
|
Clumped- Animals groups together where food is abundant
Uniforms- Animals are spread out, maintained by aggressive interactions between neighbors. Random- Plants and flowers grow in random areas due to windblown seeds |
|
|
Describe characteristics of populations that exhibit Type I, Type II, and Type III surviroship curves.
|
Type I- stead line until older age then drops steaply (humans)
Type II- intermediate, a constant death rate over the organisms life span. Type III- curve drops shortly at the start then flattens out after the early period. (oyster before shell) |
|
|
Define and distinguish between semelparity and iteroparity. Explain what factors may favor the evolution of each life history strategy.
|
Semelparityis A life history in which adults have but a single reproductive opportunity to produce large numbers of offspring, such as the life history of the Pacific salmon; also known as big-bang reproduction.
Iteroparity is A life history in which adults produce large numbers of offspring over many years; also known as repeated reproduction. In unperdictable environments semelparity is favored since survival rate is low but there are many offsprings. Iterparity will be favored in a more dependable environment for resources could be limited |
|
|
Explain, with examples, how limited resources and trade-offs may affect life histories.
|
Reproducing with limited resource will cause the parents surival rate to decline as a trade off to raise its young
|
|
|
Compare the exponential model of population growth with the logistic model
|
exponential population growth is The geometric increase of a population as it grows in an ideal, unlimited environment.
logistic population growth is A model describing population growth that levels off as population size approaches carrying capacity. |
|
|
Explain how an environments carrying capacity affects the per capita rate of increase of a population
|
As the per capita rate of increase approaches zero the carrying capacity is reached
|
|
|
distinguish between r-selected populations and K-selected populations
|
r-selection
The concept that in certain (r-selected) populations, a high reproductive rate is the chief determinant of life history. K-selection The concept that in certain (K-selected) populations, life history is centered around producing relatively few offspring that have a good chance of survival. |
|
|
Explain how density-dependent factors affect population growth
|
Competition for resources
Territoriality(cheetas) Disease(bad health) Predation(preditors increase) |
|
|
Describe boom-and-bust population cycles, explaining possible causes of lynx/hare fluctuations
|
Boom-and-bust cycles are unpredictable intervals. In lynx and hares, the cycles may have been caused by food shortages during winter. Second the cycles may be due to predator-prey interactions.
|
|
|
Describe the history of human population growth
|
After the industrail revolution our population has skyrocketed.
|
|
|
Define the demographic transition
|
A shift from zero population growth in which birth rates and death rates are high to zero population growth characterized instead by low birth and death rates.
|
