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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Provides for voluntary movements, interpretation and integration of sensation, consciousness, and cognitive function |
Brain |
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cerebral hemispheres and diencephalon |
prosencephalon |
|
midbrain |
mesencephalon |
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pons, medulla oblongata, and cerebellum |
rhombencephalon |
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the diencephalon and superior brain stem are enveloped by the cerebral hemispheres |
cephalization |
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in the cerebral hemispheres |
lateral ventricles |
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in the diencephalon |
third ventricle |
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between the brain stem and the cerebellum and connects with the central canal of the spinal cord |
fourth ventricle |
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partially separates the hemispheres |
logitudinal fissure |
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consists of the cerebral cortex, the cerebral white matter, and basal nuclei (ganglia) |
cerebral hemisphere |
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receives sensory impulses from the opposite side of the body (and dispatches motor impulses to the opposite side of the body) |
cerebral hemisphere |
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subcortical nuclei that help control movements |
basal nuclei |
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include the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus |
diencephalon |
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important control center of the ANS |
hypothalamus |
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maintains water balance and regulates thirst, eating behavior, gastrointestinal activity, body temperature, and the activity of the anterior pituitary gland |
hypothalamus |
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includes the pineal gland |
epithalamus |
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secretes the hormone melatonin |
pineal gland |
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includes the midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata |
brain stem |
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surrounds the cerebral aqueduct |
midbrain |
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contains the corpora quadrigemina, the red nucleus, and the substantia nigra |
midbrain |
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visual and auditory reflex centers |
corpora quadrigemina |
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subcortical motor centers |
red nucleus |
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form the ventral face of the medulla oblongata |
pyramids |
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cough, sneezing, swallowing, and vomiting centers |
in medulla |
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the emotional-visceral brain |
limbic system |
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plays a role in memory |
limbic system |
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diffuse network of neurons and nuclei spanning the length of the brain stem |
reticular formation |
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patterns of electrical activity of the brain |
brain waves |
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record of electrical activity of the brain |
electroencephalogram (EEG) |
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alpha, beta, theta, and delta waves |
brain wave patterns |
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a state of partial consciousness from which a person can be aroused by stimulation |
Sleep |
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involuntary lapses into REM sleep that occur without warning during waking periods |
Narcolepsy |
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abnormal electrical activity of brain neurons |
epilepsy |
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a continuum from alertness to drowsiness to stupor and finally to coma |
consciousness |
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temporary loss of consciousness that is reflected by inadequate blood delivery to the brain |
fainting (syncope) |
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loss of consciousness in which the victim is unresponsive to stimuli |
coma |
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chronic inability to obtain the amount of quality of sleep needed to function adequately |
insomnia |
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the storage and retrieval of information |
memory |
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ability to learn and consciously remember information |
declrative memory |
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learning of motor skills which are performed without conscious though |
procedural memory |
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the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater |
meninges |
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enclose the brain and spinal cord and their blood vessels |
meninges |
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formed by the choroid plexuses |
cerebrospinal fluid (CFS) |
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Supports and cushion the brain and the cord and helps nourish them |
CFS |
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blocks water-soluble, harmful substances |
Blood brain barrier |
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allows water, respiratory gasses, essential nutrients, and fat-soluble molecules to enter the neural tissue |
blood brain barrier |
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when blood circulation to brain neurons are impaired and brain tissue dies |
stroke (cerebrovascular accident) |
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degenerative brain disease; slow, progressive loss of memory and motor control and increasing dementia |
Alzheimers disease |
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neurodegenerative disorders of basal nuclei; cause abnormal movements |
parkinsons and huntingtons disease |